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Neuropharmacology > Week 3 - Depression > Flashcards

Week 3 - Depression Flashcards

1
Q

Endogenous depression

A

no apparent cause

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2
Q

Neuropathology of depression

A

PFC:
Reduced number of glial cells
Reduced neuron size
Reduced volume

Hippocampus:
Reduced number of gaba neurons
Reduced volume

Amygdala:
Overactivation

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3
Q

Monamines in depression

A

Noradrenaline
Dopamine
Seratonin

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4
Q

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor

A

stops the breakdown of monamines once it has been taken back up

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5
Q

What is the monamine hypothesis for depression

A

depletion of monamine (noradrenaline, seratonin and dopamine) contributes to the pathology of depression

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6
Q

Noradrenaline brain part in Depression

A

Locus coruleus

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7
Q

Dopamine brain part

A

nigrostriatal
mesolimbic

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8
Q

What enzyme can cause depression?

A

Tryptophan - found in meats, eggs, grains

Creates 5HT

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9
Q

Neurotransmitters in Mania

A

Increased noradrenaline
Increases in dopamine
Excess seratonin may trigger mania

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10
Q

Mania and Gaba

A

Gaba neurotransmission is reduced

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11
Q

First generation of anti depressants

A

Tricylic Antidepressants - block the re-uptake of all monamines

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors - block the metabolism of active monamines

Mood elevators

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12
Q

Noradrenaline tri’s

A

alpha and beta adrenoreceptors

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13
Q

Dopamine tri’s

A

d1 and d5 receptors

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14
Q

seratonin tri’s

A

5HT1A receptor

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15
Q

How do Tricyclic anti d’s work

A

Monamines bind to receptors
Receptors couple to G-proteins
Second messenger system is activated
postsynaptic potentials are activates
monamines leave receptor binding sites/g proteins uncouple
monamines are transported back to presynaptic terminal re-uptake
Monoamines are broken down or re-packaged

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16
Q

2nd generation ant depressants

A

Focus on the re-uptake of serotonin or noradrenaline or both

SSRI’s - seratonin
NRI’s - noradrenaline
SNRIS’s - Seratonin and noradrenaline

17
Q

how does ketamine work for depression

A

NMDA gaba agonist

18
Q

how does psilocybin work

A

5HT2A receptor agonist

19
Q

Mania in depression

A

Increased noradrenaline, seratonin and dopamine
Decreased gaba

  • treatments need to decrease overall neurotransmission
20
Q

Treatments for mania

A

Mood stabilisers
Lithium carbonate salts
Anticonvulsants
Neuroleptics

21
Q

How do lithium salts work?

A

stabilise neurons by reducing the ability of receptors to communicate with second messenger systems

EPSP not produced

22
Q

How do anticonvulsants work

A

Prevent positive ion channels from working - also inhibit second messenger systems

23
Q
A

Neuropharmacology (6 decks)

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