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PSYCH310 > WEEK 3- BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL AETIOLOGIES II > Flashcards

WEEK 3- BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL AETIOLOGIES II Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three types of consequences of obesity?

A

Physical health consequences, mental health consequences and economic consequences

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2
Q

what are the economic consequences of obesity?

A

time off work, healthcare costs

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3
Q

what are the mental health consequences of obesity?

A

bullying and isolation and depression

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4
Q

what are the physical health consequences of obesity?

A

heart disease, diabetes, several cancers, reduced mobility

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5
Q

what are the problems with treating obesity?

A

1) you cannot treat the entire population 2) financial costs

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6
Q

what are examples of international public health measures?

A

nutriscore in France, chile’s advertising restrictions, mexico’s sugar tax

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7
Q

What are examples of commercial determinants of health?

A

marketing campaigns, big wealthy corporations, strategies and approaches used by the private sector to promote products and choices that are detrimental to health

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8
Q

what types of companies all use the same tactics/

A

Big Tobacco, Big Soda, Big Food, Big Alcohol

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9
Q

what are the three drivers of the problem?- kickbusch 2016

A

internationalisation of trade and capital expanding outreach of corporations, demand of growth

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10
Q

what re the 4 channels used by companies?- kickbusch 2016

A

marketing, supply chain, lobbying, corporate citizenship

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11
Q

what are the three outcomes on health produced by these companies?- kickbusch 2016

A

environment, consumers, health

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12
Q

what are some new tactics being used by big corporate companies?

A

reinvent image (CSR), keep product affordable, lobby, create illusion of support, manipulate data, advertising, promotion, sponsorship, manipulate media, intimidate and harass

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13
Q

what do the alcohol industry argue about alcohol?

A

alcohol consumption is normal fun and healthy, the majority of people drink responsibly. alcohol is not the problem it the behaviour of the irresponsible minority, policy solutions are education, self regulation and partnership, heavy handed regulations are slow and costly to introduce- voluntary commitments are better

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14
Q

what does public health argue about alcohol?

A

alcohol is linked to over 60 diseases and there is no safe level of consumption, alcohol harms people other than the drinker and is linked to crime, violence child neglect and lost productivity. policy solutions are based on evidence and most require legislation. conflict of interest prevents industry bodies doing anything that would affect sales.

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15
Q

what is The Public Health Responsibility Deal?

A

launched in March 2011

  • a new mechanism to take forward the government’s strategy for public health
  • a tap into the potential for businesses and other organisations to improve public health through their influence on food. alcohol, physical activity behaviours and health
  • a more collaborative approach.. companies committing to taking action voluntarily
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16
Q

what are the five networks of the public health responsibility deal?

A

food, alcohol, physical activity, health at work, behaviour change

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17
Q

what are the collective pledges of the responsibility deal?

A

-we recognise that we have a vital role to play in improving people’s health
- we will encourage and enable people to adopt a healthier diet
- we will foster a culture of responsible drinking which will help people to drink within the limits
- we will encourage and assist people to become more physically active
we will actively support our workforce to lead healthier lives

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18
Q

what was found about the responsibility deal?

A

it has little effect on health- it is well established that intervention which improve information and awareness of health issues or risks do not necessarily translate into positive behavioural change

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19
Q

what is the problem with all the different types of interventions for obesity?

A

they all cost a lot of money

20
Q

what are preventative public health measures designed to do?

A

designed to stop the spread of disease

21
Q

what is an example of a public health organisation that puts in place these preventative measures?

A

WHO

22
Q

what are examples of public health measures uk?

A

childhood obesity: a plan for action and CAP

23
Q

What did Chile change about its advertising laws?

A

weren’t allowed to put childrens tv show characters on food packaging

24
Q

how can we tackle these global scale issues?

A

by using collaboration and communication

25
Q

what are most definitions of commercial detriments of health based around?

A

most based around how we can interfere in the activities used by global commercial companies

26
Q

what are the some of the good things about these commercial companies?

A

they contribute to the economy, provide jobs and products that everyone likes

27
Q

who was the director- general of the world health organisation?

A

dr margaret chan, she is very familiar with the battle between people and tobacco

28
Q

why is trade now more easy than it ever has been?

A

because everything is international now

29
Q

why does international trade provide a benefit for commercial companies?

A

because they can move into lower income countries where the market isn’t saturated

30
Q

what are examples of lower income countries that Mcdonals have moved into?

A

Brazil and China

31
Q

what has mcdonalds funded and why?

A

funds football for kids to create positive association in consumers minds so we ignore the other things they do that are more harmful

32
Q

what else to large corporations do help them gain more profit?

A

fund candidates on the campaign trail if the candidate supports their actives and they create initiatives of supportingg healthiness

33
Q

why do they support these initiatives?

A

to delay them being regulated- deviates the attention away from their bad activities

34
Q

what do large companies do with scientific research?

A

they pick fault sin the research that suggests they should restrict their activities- telling scientists there is no harm in consuming sugary drinks

35
Q

what did coca cola fund?

A

energy balance network to say that you will only gain weight if you consume more than you burn off- putting emphasis on excursive and intake- and they pay journalists to say certain things

36
Q

why are big companies like this winning?

A

because they spend far more on campaigns than someone like public health England can

37
Q

what is one of the most successful public health measures ever?

A

control of tobacco

38
Q

what is the biggest advertising slot you can get?

A

during the Super Bowl

39
Q

what was the problem with the mcdonalds little farmers advert?

A

made it look like kids just needed to burn off a happy meal by running round the garden a bit but actually you would have to run on a treadmill for an hour to burn it off

40
Q

what was the study done that looked toy and food advertising?

A

Impact of food marketing on short term consumption- boyland et al they made some children watch a toy advert and a food advert and kids ate more after the food advert

41
Q

what do large companies sign up to to make it seem like they are responsible?

A

voluntary schemes

42
Q

what did countries with self regulation policies see?

A

countries with junk food broadcast marketing policies saw a decrease in junk food sales per capita after implementation and those without said policies saw an increase. those with self regulation policies also saw an increase- SELF REGULATION POLICIES DO NOT COUNT

43
Q

what is the public health responsibility deal?

A

launched in march 2011- a new mechanism to take forward the governments strategy for public health

  • to tap into the potential for business and other organisations to improve public health through their influence on food, alcohol, physical activity behaviours and health
  • a more collaborative approach.. companies committing to take action voluntarily
44
Q

what did the pledges make it seem like?

A

like companies such as morrisons and subway had found a new innovative solution

45
Q

what did the public health responsibility deal find when they used a systems level analysis to understand the lack of impact on alcohol, food, physical activity, and workplace health sub systems

A

companies were trying to do things like put salad next to burger on the menu- not really worked

PSYCH310 (9 decks)

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