Week 3 Biomolecules

Question 1

what are the 4 main classes of biological molecules

Answer 1

lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids.

Question 2

What is a polymer?

Answer 2

a long molecule consisting of similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds

Question 3

What are the building blocks of macromolecules?

Answer 3

Monomers

Question 4

how are biomolecule put together and broken apart?

Answer 4

Dehydration and hydrolysis

Question 5

What are the monomers of carbohydrates?

Answer 5

Monosaccharides and disaccharides.

Question 6

What is the trademark structure of glucose?

Answer 6

Carbonyl group (CO) and multiple hydroxyl groups (OH-)

Question 7

A sugar is either and Aldose (aldehyde sugar) or a ketose (ketone sugar) depending on what?

Answer 7

Location of the carbonyl group

Question 8

What are monosaccharide?

Answer 8

Simplest carbohydrates (simple sugar)

Question 9

What are disaccharides?

Answer 9

double sugars consisting of two monomers joined by covalent bonds through dehydration

Question 10

Polysaccharides

Answer 10

macromolecules of many sugar building blocks

Question 11

What is the most common monosaccharide

Answer 11

Glucose

Question 12

Monosaccharide is classified by?

Answer 12

-the location of the carbonyl group, a sugar is either an aldose or ketose
-the size of the carbon skeleton (number of carbons in the skeleton

Question 13

The joining of monosaccharides is called

Answer 13

Glycosidic linkage

Question 14

what is the most prevalent disaccharide?

Answer 14

sucrose (table sugar), made of two monomers glucose and fructose

Question 15

Lactose (sugar present in milk) is a disaccharide made up of ?

Answer 15

glucose and galactose

Question 16

What is the difference between the glucose monomers in starch and cellulose?

Answer 16

Starch: 1-4 linkage of alpha glucose monomers. All monomers are in the same orientation
cellulose: 1-4 linkage of beta glucose monomers. every glucose monomer is upside down with respect to its neighbours.

Question 17

what are the main categories of lipids

Answer 17

fats, phospolipids and steroids

Question 18

what are fats made up of

Answer 18

glycerol and fatty acids

Question 19

What is a fat molecule called?

Answer 19

Triaglyceride

Question 20

3 fatty acid molecules are joined to a glycerol by?

Answer 20

Esther linkage

Question 23

Where d