Week 3 Flashcards
Hippocampus, olfactory – 3 layered
Allocortex
6 layered Layer I – Layer II , III– Layer IV – Layer V – Layer VI –
Isocortex
Layer I – molecular layer, poor in cells
Layer II , III– superficial pyramidal layer
Layer IV – Granular layer
Layer V – Deep pyramidal cells
Layer VI – multiple cell types, polymorphic layer
Less regular: 3-5 layers
Mesocortex
Oldest: olfactory (lateral pallium)
Paleocortex
Next oldest: hippocampus (medial pallium)
Archicortex
Newst – isocortex (dorsal pallium)
Neocortex
80% of neurons
Projection
Spiny
Pear-shaped soma and single main dendritic w/ basal roulette of processes
Excitatory – use glutamate or aspartate as their primary neurotransmitter
Pyramidal
GABAergic interneurons Aspiny Multipolar or bipolar Chandelier Basket – II, III, V Neuroglia Bipolar – innervates the more distal dendrites of pyramidal neurons
Non-pyramidal
Spiny Stellate cell
Pyramidal but acts like an interneuron (not a projection neuron) in layer IV
Spiny
Excitatory/ glutamate
Dominant cortical input
from other cortical neurons
Dominant extrinsic cortical input
mostly thalamus but also the brainstem
main output layer of cortex
5B - deep layer
functional unit of the cortex; pyramidal cell members derived from a single precursor cell in the ventricular zone of the embryonic cerebellar vesicles; radial glia went to layer I and neurons migrated along radial glia to differentiate
Macrocolumns
easier to see the 6 layers = homotypic cortex
makes up most of the cortex
association cortex
granular vs. agranular
granular - primary sensory cortex
agranular: primary motor cortex
