Final Additional Cards Flashcards
Aspiny neurons lost in HD
Parvabuminergic
Aspiny Neurons retained in HD
somatostatin neurons (NPY) resist HD
gaze in parkinson’s
neck?
downward
Flexed
mechanism of progressive supranuclear palsy
midbrain & cortical atrophy
NFTs
progressive supranuclear palsy
eyes?
face?
tremor?
gaze upward/ difficulty voluntarily opening a closed eye (can spontaneously thought)
astonished look on face
Role of the Striato-SNr neurons?
also has some SP
promotes eye movement
Component of Lewy bodies
alpha-synuclein (aggregates ~ synucleinopathies)
3 main groups of nuclei of the amygdala
Corticomedullary
Central
Basolateral
Corticomedullary nucleus of the amygdala
input from the olfactory bulb
output to the hypothalamus via the stria terminalis
Central nucleus
Major output of the amygdala
input is from the basolateral nucleus and the hypothalamus
output (ANS) is GABA, DA - Brainstem and hypothalamus
Basolateral nucleus
major input of the amygdala
largest, most differntiated cells
Pyramidal/ Glutamate
input is from the sensory cortex, thalamus)
Main output is to the central nucleus
also has output to the enterohinal cortex and subiculum of the hippocampus
**important for learning fear (integrates emotions and memories)
Tri-synaptic circuit of the hippocampus
perforant pathway
ERC > DG > CA3 > CA1
CA 3 and CA1 have commissure fibers to the opposite hippocampus and the septate nucleus
ERC >CA1?
alvear pathway
DG > CA3?
mossy fibers
CA3 > CA1 -
Schaffer colllaterals
Main output of the hippocampus
Subiculum (goes to the cortex)
input from CA-1
neuro dz w/ calcification of neural tissue
Ubech-Weith disease
What is the gyrus involved w/ the conduction aphasia?
supramarginal gyrus
Transcortical sensory aphasia - lesion is where? w/ another symptom?
border zone between the middle cerebral and the posterior cerebellar arteries
also may have severe HOTN
Gerstmann syndrome?
Anomic aphasia - anomia, agraphia alexia, right-side disorientation
left angular gyrus lesion
Alexia w/o agraphia
Ability to write but cannot read
Lesion is in the left medial occipital and medial temporal lobe involving the splenium of the corpus callosum
Left posterior cerebral artery occlusion
Can occur if you correct the hyponatremia too quickly
Central Pontine Myelinolysis
