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245 - Cardiorespiratory and Complex Conditions > Week 3 > Flashcards

Week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Pulmonary rehab often deals with

A

chronic diseases

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2
Q

Pulmonary rehab can be delivered in a…

A

hospital,

clinic,

follow up at home,

physical care medicine,

ICU

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3
Q

Ultimate goal with pulmonary rehab is to

A

help pt manage condition at home/community to prevent further complications/readmissions

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4
Q

Main lifestyle modification for lung disease

A

smoking

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5
Q

Very common symptom of lung disease is

A

SOB/dyspnea

–> depends on the severity how many activities SOB impacts

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6
Q

Why is cognitive impairments a symptom of lung disease?

A

having low oxygen for prolonged period of time this has an impact on the brain possibly causing these cognitive impairments

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7
Q

Is SOB common in patients with lung conditions or heart conditions?

A

Both

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8
Q

T/F those without lung diseas can still have SOB, why?

A

True

lung function changes with age – lung muscle strength decreases (such as seniors with SOB who don’t have lung condition)

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9
Q

Lung Disease - cycle of inactivity

A

1) SOB, accomplishing activities difficulty

2) Poor confidence, less P.E

3) Muscle lose strength, heart function decreases

4) Fitness declines, social isolation

5) Worsening SOB, anxiety/depression

6) loss of independence, symptoms worsen

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10
Q

What should pts with lung conditions be doing instead of resting?

A

low or high functioning activities

Low functioning: mobilization, safety w/transfers, basic ADLs, activity tolerance

High functioning: building on activity tolerance (ADLs, IADLs), life balance, IADLs

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11
Q

Supplemental oxygen

A

prolongs life, improves quality of life, can be temporary or permanent

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12
Q

Endotreacheal intubation

A

goes through the mouth/nose and down the throat and to the lungs

 pt with this will not be awake, will be unconcious and wont be able to speak/interact

 will be doing positioning, but won’t do transfers or mobility

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13
Q

Tracheostomy

A

 goes directly into throat

 can be awake and talk

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14
Q

Endotreacheal intubation VS Tracheostomy

A

Endotreacheal intubation:
goes through the mouth/nose and down the throat and to the lungs

 pt with this will not be awake, will be unconcious and wont be able to speak/interact

 will be doing positioning, but won’t do transfers or mobility

Tracheostomy:
 goes directly into throat

 can be awake and talk

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15
Q

Scope of practice for assistants with supplemental oxygen

A

 assistants are allowed to change mode of oxygen delivery (wall, portable, tank)

 assistant NOT allowed to “titrate”

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16
Q

Target Pulse Oximeter in COPD pts

A

target pulse oximetry in pts = 88% to 92%

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17
Q

Diaphragmatic breathing

A

 improves breathing pattern
 helps with building activity tolerance
 improves SOB & fatigue

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18
Q

Pursed Lip Breathing

A

 Controls SOB by quickly slowing down pace of breathing
 prolongs exhalation time by moving old air out of lungs

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19
Q

Energy Conservation Techniques for Pulmonary Conditions

A

 Position: sitting when possible, limit bending/reaching, upright posture
 avoiding carrying heavy objects
 resting at least 60 mins after a meal
 using warm not hot water (in shower)

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20
Q

Posture slump vs upright for pulmonary condition pts?

A

Upright

21
Q

Speed of breathing to regain control of your breathing, shallow/fast VS deep/slow breathing

A

deep/slow breathing

22
Q

Where should breathing occur

A

Abdomen

23
Q

Which should be longer? Breathing in or breathing out?

A

Breathing out

24
Q

Can you feel breathless even with normal oxygen levels in the blood?

A

 Yes

25
Q

Does everyone with a chronic lung condition require oxygen at home?

A

No

26
Q

Tests are needed so your doctor can tell if you need home oxygen. True or False?

A

True

27
Q

Prescribed oxygen is used only when the person feels they need it. True or False?

A

False

28
Q

It is important to keep active even though someone has oxygen. True or False?

A

True

29
Q

Apneic (Apnea)

A

a long pause after every inspiration and expiration; usually occurs during sleep

30
Q

Orthopnea

A

only being able to breathe comfortably when in an upright position – often measured in number of pillows required to breathe (or Lazyboy) while sleeping

31
Q

Dyspnea

A

subjective feeling of not being able to breathe comfortably

32
Q

Average respiratory rates depending on age:

A

Under 6 years = 25-60bpm

10 years = 15-20bpm

Adults = 12-20 bpm

33
Q

Barrel Chest

A

large shaped/rounded chest

 trapped air
 Usually seen with COPD, emphysema

34
Q

Kyphotic Chest

A

increased curvature of spine (sunken in/bent over old lady)

 Postural/age
 Reduced air flow/ineffective inspiration

35
Q

Scoliotic chest

A

curvature of the spine

 Reduced air, dysfunctional respiratory muscles

36
Q

Why do people lean/bend forward when in respiratory distress?

A

 stabilizes ribs and supports chest wall

37
Q

Some signs of respiratory distress

A

 cyanosis (blue-ish) around lips, nails
 Positioning/leaning forward
 Accessory muscle use (increase use of neck muscles and absence of diaphragm use, common in those with COPD)

38
Q

Auscultation

A

Listening to lungs

39
Q

Covid-19

A

 ACUTE

40
Q

Atelectasis

A

Segmental/full lung has collapsed

 ACUTE
 manual therapy
 breathing/mobility

41
Q

Pneumonia

A

Infection of the air sacs in the lungs

 ACUTE
 can be very mild with few symptoms to life threatening
 anti-biotics
 manual therapy
 breathing/mobility

42
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Signs?

A

Group of lung diseases that block airflow due to narrowing of the bronchial tree.
 CHRONIC
 Caused mainly by smoking or exposure to second-hand smoke or severe pollution
 Medications to manage wheezing
 Lifestyle modifications

Signs:
 Clubbing – thumbnails are humps
 Increased SOB
 Barrel chested
 Auscultation (listening to breathing) decreased breathing sounds

43
Q

Cystic Fibrosis:

A

 CHRONIC
 Genetic disorder that shortens lifespan and results in copious secretions
 lots of manual therapy

44
Q

Contradictions to manual cardiorespiratory therapy:

A

 Active hemoptysis (coughing up blood)
 Pulmonary emboli (blood clot that can get caught either in heart and cause heart attack or brain and cause stroke)
 Spinal injury
 Pleural effusion
 Agitated patient
 Rib fracture

45
Q

Treatment options for cardiorespiratory patient:

A

 secretion clearance
 cough assist
 breathing exercises
 incentive spirometry
 relaxation strategies
 exercises

46
Q

Percussion

A

Uses cupping or clapping of the hands to loosen mucous

 Goals - move the mucous from smaller to larger airways to be coughed or suctioned out
 Use a cupped hand

47
Q

Vibrations

A

technique that gently shakes the mucus so it can move into the larger airways

 Use a flattened hand

48
Q

For a strong cough you need two things:

A

1) To be able to completely fill your lungs

2) To be able to breathe out forcefully

245 - Cardiorespiratory and Complex Conditions (7 decks)

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