week 3 Flashcards
the four main earth subsystems
atmosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere
system that contains gases, regulates temperature, blocks radiation, help weather and wind, and drives climate systems
atmosphere
system that contains rocks, soil, continents, fossils, tectonic plates and is composed of the earth’s layers (crust, mantle, inner and outer core)
geosphere
system that includes all the fresh and salty water across the whole globe and how it operates through the water cycle
hydrosphere
system that contains all life on earth, including fungi, plants, animals, bacteria, etc
biosphere
system that contains human interactions
anthrosphere
system that contains the magnetic field on earth
magnetosphere
system that contains the everything outside of earth, such as the solar system
exosphere
naturally occurring aggregate or combination of minerals or mineralds
rocks
natural building block of the earth’s lithosphere
rocks are natural _________
they are formed by natural processes
formation of rocks
this forms when magma cools down and hardens
formation of igneous rocks
this forms when small pieces of rocks are pressed together
sedimentary rocks one
these are formed by heat and pressure
metamorphic rocks one
maybe formed below the earth (intrusive) or on the surface (extrusive)
where they are formed (igneous rock)
these rocks usually contain fossils or other types of rocks
sedimentary rocks contain ____?
these are often found at the bottom of bodies of water
sedimentary rocks found where?
these rocks are usually found within the earth
metamorphic rocks found where?
characteristics of minerals
naturally-occuring, inorganic, homogenous solids, has a definite composition, and has a crystalline structure
quality of light on the surface of the rock
luster
color of powdered mineral produced when it is dragged across a surface
streak
ability to resist scratching or abrasion
hardness
tendency of minerals to split or cleave along points of weakness
cleavage
caused by the absorption or lack of visible light by their crystalline structure
color
weathering and erosion
sediments
compact and cementation
sedimentary
heat and pressure
metamorphic
melting
magma
cooling
igneous rock
minerals are often seen inside these rocks
content in metamorphic rocks
