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week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

3 phases within 1st stage of labor

A

latent
active
transition

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2
Q

if the fetus is tachycardic what should the nurse suspect and whats one of the first things the nurse should do?

A

Suspect infection
take mom’s temp

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3
Q

which one does not give intensity of contraction or resting tone between contractions, so nurse must palpate uterus to assess?

tocodynamometer or IUPC

A

tocodynamometer

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4
Q

6 cm/100%/0

which stage of labor?

is fetus engaged?

A

6 cm dilated = 1st stage, active phase
100% effaced
0 station = baby is engaged

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5
Q

Mechanisms of labor:
____ – widest part of presenting part enters pelvis
____– head moves down in pelvis
____ – fetus tucks chin into chest
____ – fetus turns to face spine (OA)
____ – head extends for delivery under pubic bone
____ - head rotates to OT position and shoulders align vertically with mom’s pelvis
____ – anterior shoulder delivers, then posterior shoulder, then rest of baby

Extension, Descent, Flexion, Internal rotation, External rotation, Engagement, Expulsion

A

Engagement
Descent
Flexion
Internal rotation
Extension
External rotation
Expulsion

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6
Q

which one is false labor

  • discomfort begins in back and radiates to abdomen – maybe
  • cervical changes (dilatation and effacement) are progressive
  • contractions do not decrease with rest, walking, warm tub bath, etc.
  • contractions are irregular
A
  • contractions are irregular
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7
Q

Fetal lie (relation of fetal spine to maternal spine): transverse, longitudinal

  1. ____________ (vertical)
  2. _____________ (horizontal)
A
  1. longitudinal (vertical) – both spines are vertical
  2. transverse (horizontal) - moms spine is vertical, baby’s spine is horizontal
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8
Q

Nursing care during the 1st stage, transition phase includes encourage client to change positions - T/F

A

true

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9
Q

which stage of labor does this describe

Active descent phase (pushing)
Strong contractions
Ferguson reflex activated (bear down)

A

2nd stage

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10
Q

which type of deceleration? early, late, prolonged, variable

  • Intervention - Investigate why, maybe UNCOIL
  • Cause - Umbilical cord compression
  • Shape – sharp, abrupt
  • Onset – not related to contractions
A

variable decel

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11
Q

which P is - Fetal head, attitude, lie, presentation

A

passenger

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12
Q

_____________ – relationship of the presenting part to the ischial spines

A
  • Station
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13
Q

which one is false labor

  • rest, walking, warm tub bath, etc. help lessen contractions
  • contractions are at regular intervals – 5 mins apart and stronger every hour
  • intervals between contractions slowly shorten
  • contractions increase in duration and intensity
A
  • rest, walking, warm tub bath, etc. help lessen contractions
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14
Q

associated with which force - primary vs secondary

Contraction phases
- increment (increasing)
- acme (peak)
- decrement (decreasing)

described with
- frequency
- duration
- intensity

A

primary – uterine muscular contractions (until 100% dilation)

secondary is just bearing down with abdominal muscles

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15
Q

Comfort measures: ______ stage
- Heated blanker
- Food/fluid
- Ice pack to perineum
- Pain med
- Rest

A

4th stage

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16
Q

which stage
- Begins with onset of true labor
- Ends when cervix is 10 cm (fully dilated)

1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th

A

1st - longest phase

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17
Q

T/F

involuntary contractions are a sign indicating labor is beginning

A

true

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18
Q

fetal ___________ - the part of the fetus that is positioned to enter the birth canal first during delivery.

A
  • Fetal presentation
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19
Q

Fetal bradycardia
FHR less than _____ BPM
Not good
O2 is low

A

110

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20
Q

which of these would be a bad sign in a client post birth:
- Hypotension
- Tachycardia
- Uterine atony - uterus fail to contract
- Excessive bleeding
- Hematoma

A

all

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21
Q

Comfort measures: ________ stage
- Clear fluids/ice chips
- Ambulation
- Hydrotherapy – birthing tub
- Perineal care
- Relaxation between contractions
- Distraction
- Effleurage – massage circle movements with palms on belly
- Firm pressure on back or sacrum
- Visualization
- Controlled breathing
- Position changes – includes birthing ball, peanut ball (good for epidural pt)

A

1st stage, all phases

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22
Q

what are these testing for?
- Ferning test
- Nitrazine paper
- Amnisure test

A

ROM

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23
Q

true or false labor

  • discomfort begins in back and radiates to abdomen – maybe
  • cervical changes (dilatation and effacement) are progressive
  • contractions do not decrease with rest, walking, warm tub bath, etc.
A

true

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24
Q

which P is - Emotions, energy, support

passage
passanger
position
power
psyche

A

psyche

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25
Q

Fetal lie (relation of fetal spine to maternal spine):

  1. longitudinal (vertical)
    - ?
    - ?
  2. transverse (horizontal)
    - ?
A

Longitudinal (vertical) – both spines are vertical
- Cephalic - Head down
- Breech – butt down

Transverse (horizontal) – moms spine is vertical, baby’s spine is horizontal
- Shoulder position

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26
Q

2 external fetal monitors

2 internal fetal monitors

fetal scalp electrode (FSE), ultrasound, tocodynamometer, and intrauterine pressure catheter (IUPC)

A

ultrasound and tocodynamometer

fetal scalp electrode (FSE) and intrauterine pressure catheter (IUPC)

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27
Q

Nursing interventions for non-reassuring patterns?

A

UNCOIL

UN – undo what is causing problem
C – change position
O – oxytocin off, oxygen on (non-rebreather face mask)
I – IV fluid bolus
L – lower head of bed

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28
Q

which FHR pattern is this?

  • Not good
  • Probably indicating fetal acidosis
  • a specific abnormal waveform pattern on the FHR tracing, no acceleration/deceleration fluctuations
A

sinusoidal pattern

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29
Q

are these T/F of the 3rd stage:

  • should be 30 mins or less (risk of hemorrhage and placenta retention if longer)
  • Pitocin/oxytocin IV bolus infusion begun after delivery of placenta to decrease blood loss
  • Fundal massage to see if cervix continues to be firm
  • Any perineal tears or lacerations are repaired
  • placenta is expelled
  • baby is birthed
A

all is true
except
baby is birthed in 2nd stage

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30
Q

when presenting fetal part reaches 0 station

A
  • Engagement –
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31
Q

which stage of labor
- begins after delivery of placenta
- ends 4 hours after postpartum

A

4th stage

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32
Q

baseline FHR
- _________ BPM
- Must be observed for ____ mins

A

baseline FHR
- 110-160 BPM
- Must be observed for 10 mins

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33
Q
  • Cone shaped head is expected – molding of fetal head is common in child birth and usually improves in _______ hours
  • Fetal skull bones are united by ______________ sutures
A
  • Cone shaped head is expected – molding of fetal head is common in child birth and usually improves in 24 hours
  • Fetal skull bones are united by membranous sutures
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34
Q

pelvis type - platypelloid, gynecoid, android, anthropoid

_________ – most common, circle shape and best for vaginal delivery
____________ – heart shape
____________ – oval shape
____________– flat shape, most likely c/s delivery

A
  • Gynecoid – most common, circle shape and best for vaginal delivery
  • Android – heart shape
  • Anthropoid – oval shape
  • Platypelloid – flat shape, most likely c/s delivery
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35
Q

nurse can do this to check fetal position
(a series of four steps used in obstetrics to assess the position, presentation, and lie of a fetus inside the woman’s uterus by palpating her abdomen with both hands)

A

leopolds maneuver

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36
Q

Nursing interventions: _____ stage, ________ phase
- Palpate contractions Q 15 mins or continuous fetal monitoring
- SVE – dilation, effacement, station, fetal position
- FHR Q 15-30 mins
- Vitals Q 15-30 mins
- Assist with breathing
- Keep woman from pushing until fully dilated

A

1st stage, transition phase

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37
Q

Nursing interventions: _____ stage
-Vitals Q 15 mins (1 hour)
-Temp Q 1 hour
-IV fluids with Pitocin/oxytocin
-Palpate fundus Q 15 mins (1 hour)
- Firm or boggy?
- Increased bleeding?
-VB
-Assess and care for Perineum
-Assess need to void
-Encourage kangaroo care and bonding
-Assist with infant feeding
-Breast or formula
-Check correct instrument/sponge count

A

4th stage (before transferring her to mother/baby)

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38
Q
  • Fetal _______ – relation of fetal spine to maternal spine
A
  • Fetal lie – relation of fetal spine to maternal spine
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39
Q

are all accelerations good?

are accelerations periodic, episodic, or both?

A

yes

both

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40
Q

which phase is woman dilated
0-3 cm
4-7 cm
8-10 cm

A

1st stage, latent phase
1st stage, active phase
1st stage, transition phase

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41
Q

which type of deceleration? early, late, prolonged, variable

  • Not too concerned
  • intervention – none, maybe SVE
  • Cause – head compression
  • Shape – gradual, Mirrors contraction
  • Onset – before peak of contraction
A

early decel

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42
Q

Comfort measures: _______ stage
- Clear fluids/ice chips
- Ambulation
- Hydrotherapy – birthing tub
- Perineal care
- Relaxation between contractions
- Distraction
- Effleurage – massage circle movements with palms on belly
- Firm pressure on back or sacrum
- Visualization
- Controlled breathing
- Position changes – includes birthing ball, peanut ball (good for epidural pt)
- Cool clothes
- Reassurance
- Assist into pushing position and with pushing

A

2nd stage

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43
Q

true or false labor

  • contractions are irregular
  • no change in duration or intensity
  • discomfort may be in abdomen
A

false

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44
Q

station

Above ischial spines, floating, not engaged = ___________

A

Above ischial spines – (ballotable – floating, not engaged)

45
Q

which stage of labor
- begins after birth of baby
- ends delivery of placenta (placenta is expelled in this stage)

A

3rd stage

46
Q

FHR variability - marked, minimal, absent and moderate

________ = bad
No variability in FHR

___________ = not good
Less than 5 BPM variability in FHR
Try to stimulate fetus
Is it due to mom’s pain meds?

___________ = expected
Variability in FHR is between 6 – 25 BPM

__________ = not good
Variability in FHR is greater than 25BPM

A

absent
minimal
moderate
marked

47
Q

5 p’s

A

passage
passanger
position
power
psyche

48
Q

which P is - Station, engagement

passage
passanger
position
power
psyche

A

Position

49
Q

Nursing interventions: acceleration

UNCOIL or perform SVE?

A

trick question: neither! ALL accelerations are good

50
Q

power: primary forces vs secondary forces

  • ___________ forces – abdominal muscles used in pushing (bearing down)
  • ___________ forces – uterine muscular contractions (until 100% dilation)
A
  • secondary forces – abdominal muscles used in pushing (bearing down)
  • Primary forces – uterine muscular contractions (until 100% dilation)
51
Q

Nursing interventions: early deceleration

perform SVE first or turn client first?

A

Remember with early deceleration were Not too concerned and interventions – none, maybe SVE

  1. perform SVE – b/c were thinking the baby’s head is becoming more compressed as it moves further down the canal preparing for labor
  2. Turn client
52
Q

which ROM test looks like a crystalized snow flake under the microscope when positive?
- Ferning test
- Nitrazine paper
- Amnisure test

A
  • Ferning test
53
Q

If the deceleration lasts longer than 10 mins is it considered a prolonged deceleration or a change in FHR baseline?

A

If the deceleration lasts longer than 10 mins = baseline change in FHR

54
Q

> 32 weeks gestation = 15x15
- Must be 15 BPM above baseline
- For 15 seconds at least

<32 weeks gestation = 10x10
- Must be 10 BPM above baseline
- For 10 secs at least

is this the rule for deceleration or acceleration?

A

accelerations

55
Q

which ROM test turns yellow if negative and blue if positive?
- Ferning test
- Nitrazine paper
- Amnisure test

A
  • Nitrazine paper
56
Q

Labs done upon admission:
-Blood type
-Rh factor
-Type and screen
-___________ status – immune, non-immune, equivocal
-____________
- Positive = start antibiotics (_________)
- If allergic = clindamycin

A
  • Labs
  • Blood type
  • Rh factor
  • Type and screen
  • Rubella status – immune, non-immune, equivocal
  • Group B strep (GBS)
  • Positive = start antibiotics (penicillin)
  • If allergic = clindamycin
57
Q

what are the 2 methods of monitoring FHR

what are the 2 methods of monitoring contractions

fetal scalp electrode (FSE), ultrasound, tocodynamometer, and intrauterine pressure catheter (IUPC)

A

ultrasound and fetal scalp electrode (FSE)

tocodynamometer and Intrauterine pressure catheter (IUPC)

58
Q

are these fetal monitor patterns reassuring or non-reassuring?

  • persistent and severe variable decelerations
  • late decelerations
  • prolonged decelerations
  • absent variability
  • accelerations
  • sinusoidal pattern
  • severe and marked bradycardia
  • prolonged tachycardia
A

-non
-non
-non
-non
-reassuring
-non
-non
-non

59
Q

which P is - Primary and secondary

passage
passanger
position
power
psyche

A

power

60
Q

time is important for ROM bc longer than ____ hours ROM increases likelihood of infection

A

18

61
Q

Total duration of labor usually shorter for multipara or nullipara?

A

multipara

62
Q

which of these should would apply if the nurse is caring for a client with non-reassuring patterns?

undo what is causing the problem
turn from right side to left side
turn off oxytocin drip
give non-rebreather face mask
IV fluid bolus
raise head of bed
perform SVE
Notify MD/midwife and document
Tocolytics - if contracting
If uncorrectable – prepare for immediate delivery

A

all are good except LOWER HOB

UN – undo what is causing problem
C – change position
O – oxytocin off, oxygen on (non-rebreather face mask)
I – IV fluid bolus
L – lower head of bed

Notify MD/midwife and document
Tocolytics - if contacting
If uncorrectable – prepare for immediate delivery

63
Q
  • Fetal __________ – relation of the fetal parts to one another
A
  • Fetal attitude – relation of the fetal parts to one another
64
Q

Fetal tachycardia
FHR greater than _____ BPM
Not good
Suspect infection, take mom’s temp

A

160

65
Q

6/80/-1

which stage of labor?

is fetus engaged?

A

6/80/-1
6 cm dilated = 1st stage, active phase
80% effaced
-1 station

no

66
Q

which ROM test shows 2 lines if positive and 1 line if negative?
- Ferning test
- Nitrazine paper
- Amnisure test

A
  • Amnisure test
67
Q

which type of deceleration? early, late, prolonged, variable

  • Not good
  • Intervention – investigate why (mom high/low BP, bleeding), UNCOIL
  • Cause – uteroplacental insufficiency (UPI)
  • Shape – mirrors contraction
  • Onset – after peak of contraction
A

late decel

68
Q

true or false labor

  • contractions are at regular intervals – 5 mins apart and stronger every hour
  • intervals between contractions slowly shorten
  • contractions increase in duration and intensity
A

true

69
Q

Nursing interventions: ______ stage, _______ phase
- Anticipatory info and support
- Encourage ambulation
- Ice chips/fluids
- Vitals Q 1 hour
- Temp Q 4 hour
- Temp Q 2 hour if ROM
- FHR intermittent Q 30-60 mins

A

1st stage, latent phase

70
Q

signs of placental separation (placenta is about to be delivered):

  • globular uterus lowers/rises in abdomen?
  • gush or trickle of blood/fluid from vagina?
  • increased protrusion of umbilical cord (gets longer/shorter out of vagina)?
A
  • globular uterus rises in abdomen
  • gush or trickle of blood from vagina
  • increased protrusion of umbilical cord (gets longer out of vagina)
71
Q

Nursing interventions: _____ stage
Newborn care
- Provide new born care
- Stimulation and warmth
- Vital signs
- APGAR score
- ID
- Physical assessment
- Facilitate attachment encourage kangaroo care
Maternal care
- Monitor for delivery of placenta
- Document time of delivery and intactness

A

3rd stage

72
Q

__________ beginning of contraction 1 to beginning of contraction 2
____________ beginning of contraction 1 to end of contraction 1
_____________ how strong

intensity, duration, frequency

A
  • frequency – beginning of contraction 1 to beginning of contraction 2
  • duration – beginning of contraction 1 to end of contraction 1
  • intensity – how strong
73
Q

Premonitory signs of impending labor (Body is getting ready, could still be up to 2 weeks out):

  • ____________ – fetus settles/drops into pelvis (mom can breathe easier with pressure off lungs)
  • Braxton hicks contractions – regular or irregular?
  • Cervical changes?
  • Bloody show/expulsion of mucus plug ?
  • SROM or AROM?
  • Sudden burst of energy – ____________
  • Weight gain or loss?
  • GI upset ?
A
  • Lightening – fetus settles/drops into pelvis (mom can breathe easier with pressure off lungs)
  • Braxton hicks contractions – irregular
  • Cervical changes
  • Bloody show/expulsion of mucus plug
  • SROM
  • Sudden burst of energy – nesting
  • Weight loss – 1-3 lbs
  • GI upset
74
Q

Nursing interventions: ______ stage
- SVE to assess fetal descent
- FHR Q 5-15 mins
- Vital signs Q 30 mins
- Support and info
- Assist with pushing and MD with birth

A

2nd stage

75
Q

which stage of labor
- begins with Full dilation and effacement
- ends with birth of baby

A

2nd stage
(pushing stage)

76
Q

which type of deceleration? early, late, prolonged, variable

  • Not good
  • Deceleration lasts 2 mins or longer, but less than 10 mins
A

prolonged decel

77
Q

which 2 require ROM

which 2 do not require ROM

fetal scalp electrode (FSE), ultrasound, tocodynamometer, and intrauterine pressure catheter (IUPC)

A

fetal scalp electrode (FSE) and intrauterine pressure catheter (IUPC)

ultrasound and tocodynamometer

78
Q

FHR variability is the best indicator of fetal ________

A

oxygen

79
Q

which P is - pelvis, cervix

passage
passanger
position
power
psyche

A

passage

80
Q

periodic vs episodic

________ – not associated with uterine contractions
_________– associated with uterine contractions

A

Episodic – not associated with uterine contractions
Periodic – associated with uterine contractions

81
Q

____________ – meaty, bloody side, maternal side
___________ – fetal side

dirty duncan vs shiny shultz

A

dirty Duncan – meaty, bloody side, maternal side
shiny shultz – fetal side

82
Q

Discharge care to postpartum care
- ______ vitals
- _______ bleeding
- ________ bladder
- ________ fundus
- Report of _____________ from any anesthetic agent received during birth
- Admission of baby with mother to postpartum unit (or newborn nursery) – and ____________ for matching

A

Discharge care to postpartum care
- Stable vitals
- Stable bleeding
- Undistended bladder
- Firm fundus
- Report of returned sensations from any anesthetic agent received during birth
- Admission of baby with mother to postpartum unit (or newborn nursery) – and read bracelets for matching

83
Q

Nursing interventions for non-reassuring patterns

UN –
C –
O –
I –
L –

A

UN – undo what is causing problem
C – change position
O – oxytocin off, oxygen on (non-rebreather face mask)
I – IV fluid bolus
L – lower head of bed

84
Q

Fontenelles/sutures
- Anterior – closes by _____ months
- Posterior – closes by _____ months

A
  • Anterior – closes by 18 months
  • Posterior – closes by 2 months
85
Q

Standard maternal assessment for a healthy mom in the 4th stage of labor following a vaginal delivery:

-Vaginal bleeding
-Vital signs
-Bladder assessment
-Fundal (uterine) assessment - how should uterus feel?
-Perineal assessment

A

-Vaginal bleeding
-Vital signs
-Bladder assessment
-Fundal (uterine) assessment
- It should be firm
- A soft and relaxed (boggy) uterus is concerning
-Perineal assessment

86
Q

psychological readjustment of the _______ stage of labor:

-thirsty and hungry
-shaking – 1-2 hours after birth, CNS response after the strenuous work of labor stops
-Fluid and heat loss (warm blankets)
-Bladder often hypotonic – bladder muscles loss ability to contract properly
-Uterus should remain contracted - Midline of abdomen, Between symphysis pubis and umbilicus

A

4th stage

87
Q

benefits of kangaroo care: T/F

  • helps regulate mom’s temp and HR
  • stimulates production of breastmilk
  • promotes attachment
  • regulates maternal oxytocin release
A
  • helps regulate baby’s temp and HR
  • stimulates production of breastmilk
  • promotes attachment
  • increases maternal oxytocin release
88
Q

Nursing interventions: ______ stage, ______ phase
- Palpate contractions Q 15-30 mins or continuous fetal monitoring
- SVE – dilation, effacement, station, fetal position
- Void Q 1-2 hours
- IV fluid infusion
- FHR Q 15-30 mins
- Vitals Q 15-30 mins
- ROM – COAT and FHR
- Change position and pads often

A

1st stage, active phase

89
Q

Abnormalities potentially affecting process of labor

____________– too small
_____________ – malpresentation
_____________ – posterior (occiput posterior)
______________– inadequate (contractions/pushing)
_______________ – intense fear, anxiety, poor support system, exhaustion

passanger
psyche
power
position
passage

A

Passageway – too small
Passenger – malpresentation
Position – posterior (occiput posterior)
Powers – inadequate (contractions/pushing)
Psychological factors – intense fear, anxiety, poor support system, exhaustion

90
Q

fetal presentation is cephalic (head down):

match term with definition

  • Suboccipitobregmatic diameter
  • Occipitofrontal diameter
  • Occipitomental diameter
  • Submentobregmatic diameter

__________________ - around forehead is touching the ischial spines
___________________- top of head and underneath chin are touching the ischial spines
____________________- back of head and chin are touching the ischial spines
___________________- crown of head is touching the ischial spines

A
  • Suboccipitobregmatic diameter – crown of head is touching the ischial spines
  • Occipitofrontal diameter – around forehead is touching the ischial spines
  • Occipitomental diameter – back of head and chin are touching the ischial spines
  • Submentobregmatic diameter – top of head and underneath chin are touching the ischial spines
91
Q

fetal presentation is Breech (butt down):

______________(pike position) legs straight, folded in half at hips

______________(cannonball position) knees bent, folded in half at hips

________________one or both hips are straight and foot is presenting part

frank breech
footling breech
complete breech

A
  • Frank breech – (pike position) legs straight, folded in half at hips
  • Complete breech – (cannonball position) knees bent, folded in half at hips
  • Footling breech – one or both hips are straight and foot is presenting part
92
Q

fetal presentation:

  1. _______ - head down
  2. _________ - butt down
  3. ________ - horizontal
A
  1. cephalic - head down
  2. breech - butt down
  3. shoulder - horizontal
93
Q

are these the goal/purpose of admission or discharge?
- Greet, establish rapport
- Orient to room, facilities, equipment
- Informed consent – if laboring or suspect delivery
- Notify physician/CNM

A

admission

94
Q

category ___ – normal
category ___ – indeterminate
category ___ – abnormal (baby probably needs to be delivered asap)

A

1
2
3

95
Q

station

-5 to -1 =
0 =
+1 to +5 =

A

Above ischial spines – (ballotable – floating, not engaged) —-

engaged = 0

below ischial spines ++++

96
Q

Nursing interventions: late deceleration

UNCOIL or perform SVE?

A

UNCOIL

97
Q

true or false labor

  • no cervical changes (dilation and effacement)
  • rest, walking, warm tub bath, etc. help lessen contractions
A

false

98
Q

which part of the labor assessment checks the following:

  • fetal presentation – cephalic, breech, transverse
  • cervix – posterior, midposition, anterior
  • dilation – 0-10 cm
  • effacement – 0-100% thick to thin
  • station -5  0  +5
A

sterile vaginal exam (SVE)

99
Q

cervix dilation
cervix effacement

0-100%
0-10 cm

A

cervix dilation 0-10 cm
cervix effacement 0-100%

100
Q

3 skull measurements-

  • _____________ diameter (head measurement side to side) – largest transverse diameter of the fetal skull
  • ________ diameter (head measurement front to back)
  • _____________ - distance around the widest part of the baby’s head.

OFD occipito frontal diameter, BPD biparietal diameter, head circumference

A
  • BPD biparietal diameter (head measurement side to side) – largest transverse diameter of the fetal skull
  • OFD occipito frontal diameter (head measurement front to back)
  • HC head circumference
101
Q

what 3 parts make up the 3 letters in the fetal positions?
_ _ _

A

1st letter = is the fetal present part closest to moms right pelvis or left pelvis? (R,L)
2nd letter = what is the presenting fetal part? (O, M, S, A)
3rd letter = is the fetal presenting part closer to moms anterior or posterior side or is it transverse? (A, P, T)

102
Q

fetal positions: ROA
what does R stand for?

fetal positions: LOP
what does L stand for?

A

1st letter = is the fetal present part closest to moms right pelvis or left pelvis? (R,L)

103
Q

fetal positions: ROA
what does O stand for?

fetal positions: LMA
what does M stand for?

fetal positions: LSA
what does S stand for?

fetal positions: RAP
what does A stand for?

A

2nd letter = what is the presenting fetal part? (O, M, S, A)
- Occiput – back of head
- Mentum – chin
- Sacrum – butt
- Acromion process – scapula/shoulder

104
Q

fetal positions: ROA
what does A stand for?

fetal positions: LOP
what does P stand for?

fetal positions: LOT
what does T stand for?

A

3rd letter = is the fetal presenting part closer to moms anterior or posterior side or is it transverse? (A, P, T)

105
Q

fetal position ?

which quadrant would fetal heart beat be found?

A

ROA

LRQ

106
Q

fetal position?

which quadrant would fetal heart beat be found?

A

ROP

LRQ

107
Q

fetal positions (2)?
which quadrant would fetal heart beat be found?

A

LOA, LOT

LLQ

108
Q

fetal positions (2)?

which quadrant would fetal heart beat be found?

A

LSA, LSP

ULQ

109
Q

fetal positions (2)?

which quadrant would fetal heart beat be found?

A

RMP, LMA

LLQ, RLQ

sav 332 (11 decks)

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