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UCSP > Week 3 > Flashcards

Week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

People’s way of life

A

Culture

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2
Q

Cannot be simply broken down into a set of attributes

A

culture

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3
Q

actions of individuals are routinized and institutionalized in context like family, church, school, and government.

A

conformity

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4
Q

similarities in words and actions which can be directly observed

A

explicit

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5
Q

exists in abstract forms which are not quite obvious

A

implicit

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6
Q

two types of culture

A

material and non-material

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7
Q

examples of material and non-material culture

A

Material: technology, food, fashion
Non-material: ideas, behavior, gesture, habit, religion

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8
Q

Perception of accepted reality. Reality maybe material or non-material.

A

Belief

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9
Q

Refers to any information that is perceived as true.

A

Knowledge

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10
Q

established expectations of society as to how a person is supposed to act depending on time, place or situation.

A

Social norms

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11
Q

patterns of repetitive behavior which becomes habitual and conventional part of living

A

folkways

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12
Q

set of ethical standards

A

mores

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13
Q

anything relatively worthy, important, desirable or valuable

A

values

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14
Q

practical application of knowledge.

A

technology

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15
Q

etymology of ethnocentrism

A

“ethno” people (Greek); “centric” center (Latin)

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16
Q

Encourages solidarity, believing that one’s ways are the best

A

ethnocentrism

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17
Q

Hinders the cooperation and understanding between groups

A

ethnocentrism

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18
Q

Conflict, often leads to social change

A

ethnocentrism

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19
Q

preference of the foreign; exact opposite of ethnocentrism

A

xenocentrism

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20
Q

fear of what is perceived as foreign or strange

A

xenophobia

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21
Q

underscores the idea that the culture in every society should be understood and regarded on its own terms.

A

cultural relativism

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22
Q

culture have tangible and intangible components. Tangible ones are those that are produced and created based on specific and practical purposes and aesthetic values. Intangible may be associated with events, historical sites but not limited the houses of heroes and historical personalities.

A

cultural heritage

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23
Q

produced and created based on specific and practical purposes and aesthetic values.

A

tangible culture

24
Q

associated with events, historical sites but not limited the houses of heroes and historical personalities.

A

intangible culture

25
Q

“Nothing more than a means of rising in the world”

A

Samuel Johnson

26
Q

The systematic organization of hatred

A

Henry Adams

27
Q

Cradle of democratic government; Affairs of the polis; What concerns the state

A

Art of Government

28
Q

“Politics is not science, but an art”

A

Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck

29
Q

“Authoritative allocation of values”

A

David Easton

30
Q

“Despotic power is always accompanied by corruption of morality.” “Authority that does not exist for Liberty is not authority but force.”

A

John Emerich E. Dalberg Acton

31
Q

Political and non-political coincides
Public realm and private realm conform to the division between the state and civil society.
Apparatus of the state
Politics is restricted to the activities of the state.

A

Public Affairs

32
Q

state apparatus of government

A

public

33
Q

civil society, autonomous bodies, businesses, trade union, clubs, families, etc. personal realm, family, and domestic life

A

private

34
Q

Politics seen as particular means of resolving conflict Politics is certainly no utopian solution

A

As compromise and consensus

35
Q

When social groups and interests possess power, they must be conciliated, they cannot be crushed.

A

Bernard Crick

36
Q

The broadest and the most radical definition of politics

A

Power

37
Q

ability to achieve a desired outcome through whatever means.

A

Power

38
Q

Political power as merely the organized power of one class for oppressing the other.

A

Karl Marx

39
Q

Concerned with the concepts and arguments involved in political opinion.

A

Political Philosophy

40
Q

Deals with normative questions.
a. Why should I obey the state?
b. How should rewards be distributed?
c. What should the limits of individual freedom be?

A

Political Philosophy

41
Q

The Code of Hammurabi: Hammurabi as a representative of God on Earth
Chandragupta Maurya: set of Machiavellian precepts on how to survive under an arbitrary power
Confucius: a code of conduct designed to stabilize society

A

Antiquity

42
Q

The first elaborate work of European political philosophy

A

Plato

43
Q

was a scientist rather than a prophet; he analyzes society as if he were a doctor and prescribes remedies for its ills.

A

Aristotle

44
Q

focuses on the observation and explanation of political phenomena and involves formulating and testing hypotheses through experimentation.

A

Empirical Approach

45
Q

focuses on what ought to be and explores the values and ideals of a political system

A

Normative Political Theory

46
Q

After formulating a hypothesis, a study will be designed to test the hypothesis. Let’s look at an example.

A

Empirical Theory

47
Q

proponent of limited government. He uses a theory of natural rights to argue that governments have obligations to their citizens

A

John Locke

48
Q

even with the perspective of the past, humanity cannot dictate future events

A

David Hume

49
Q

political scientists approach their study in an objective, rational, and systematic manner.

A

Scientific Approach

50
Q

The processes of historical change are reflection of the economic development of society
History was story of class conflict generated by economic modernization, not the story of the rise and fall of city states, empires and nation states, Capitalism prospered in the 19th century.
Argued that capitalism which involves market exchanges, labor as commodity and the factors of production held in private hands produced political and social results.

A

Karl Marx

51
Q

draws heavily upon the example of economic theory in building up models based upon procedural rules

A

Formal Political Theory

52
Q

general idea about something usually expressed in a single word or a phrase.

A

concepts

53
Q

schematic representations of reality or of one’s view of a possible world, constructed to improve one’s understanding about the world and/or to make predictions

A

models

54
Q

a proposition; it offers systematic explanation of a body of empirical data

A

theory

55
Q

usually about the rationally self-interested behavior of the individuals involved.

A

Rational Choice Theory

UCSP (9 decks)

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