Q4 - wEEK 2 Flashcards
A social institution found in all societies that unites people in cooperative groups to care for one another.
family
“Formal organization is a highly structured secondary group formed for the purpose of achieving specific goals in the most efficient manner.”
Diana Kendall
organization we join voluntarily to pursue some common interest or gain personal satisfaction or prestige by joining.
Normative
organization we join voluntarily when they can provide us with a material reward that we seek.
Utilitarian
association that people are forced to join as a form of punishment (prison) and treatment (psychiatric hospitals).
coercive
his work showed one of the clearest links between individuals and institution
Max Weber
According to Max Weber, it is one that individuals attach subjective meanings to. In other words, it is an action that is meaningful.
Social Action
Determined by the actor’s habitual and customary ways of behaving.
traditional action
Determined by emotional state of the actor.
Affectual Action
Determined by conscious belief in the value of some ethical, aesthetic, religious or other forms of behavior.
Value Rationality
Determined by goal orientation.
Means-end Rationality
associated with hereditary authority (monarchy)
Traditional Authority
associated with charismatic leaders whose authority comes from followers ‘belief in leaders’ (cult leaders , dictators).
Charismatic Authority
associated with leadership that is goal-oriented for the benefit of the society (duly-elected government officials, bureaucrats).
Rational-Legal Authority
Large, rational organizations, designed to perform task efficiently.
Bureaucracy
division of labor exists
Specialization
jobs are structured from greater to lesser amount of authority
Hierarchy of Position
formal rules and regulations guide a bureaucracy’s operations.
Rules and Regulations
bureaucratic workers are technically trained.
technical competence
rules and regulations, not personal whim; govern the treatment of both clients and workers so that they are treated the same way
impersonality
there is reliance on record and files.
formal written communications
although formal organizations are designed to serve humanity, Weber feared that people might well end up serving formal organization.
Dehumanization
failure to carry out the work or service it exists to perform. By the time the computer or service arrives, it is already out of date or unnecessary.
Inefficiency and Rigidity
According to what Michels called “the iron law of oligarchy.” The pyramid shape of bureaucracy places
few leaders in charge of organizational resources.
Oligarchy
He pointed out the link between bureaucracy and
political oligarchy, the rule of the many by the few.
Robert Michels
Invented by eminent sociologist George Ritzer in his book
McDonaldization
Process of “rationalization”, i.e., the substitution of traditional rules or views for logical or pragmatic rules or views & how it can be applied to any task.
McDonaldization
process of choosing the optimum means to a given end.
efficiency
emphasis on the quantity of the products sold & speed of the service offered.
Calculability
emphasis on things such as “discipline, order, systemization, formalization, routine, consistency, and methodical operation”.
Predictability
emphasis on controlling the workers and the customers. This is done to maintain a greater control over the complete rationalizing process through increased mechanization. By substitution of humans by non-human technology and by making tasks repetitive.
Control
