Week 3 Flashcards
What do Ligaments do?
Description of ligaments?
Does ligaments have poor blood supply or good blood supply.
Attach bone to bone, arranged around joints either inside or outside the joint capsule
Description-Dense white fibrous tissue, very tough but has some flexibility
Very poor vascular supply so very slow to heal
What is cartilage?
What is the function of the cartilage?
What type of tissue is cartilage? (contains blood or not?)
Does the cartilage have a nerve supply? Yes or no?
Cartilage is a strong, flexible connective tissue that protects your joints and bones.
Provides protection and support. It possesses a high tensile strength and resistance to compressive and shearing forces, allows friction free movement. (allows free movement).
It is an avascular tissue, receives its nutrients by diffusion.
Articular cartilage has no nerve supply.
Give an example of another cartilage.
Hyaline Cartilage
What does the hyaline cartiilage do?
What is the appearance of the hyaline cartilage?
What is the function of the hyaline cartilage?
Covers the articular ends of bones in synovial joints.
Bluish-white translucent appearance
Provides smooth, wear-resistant surface to allow friction free movement
Give the 3rd example of the type of cartilage.
What does it look like?
White dense fibrous tissue
What are joints?
What is the function of joints?
Joints is where two or more bones to meet.
Joints allow free movement.
List the 3 types of joints.
Fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial.
List the 3 types of fibrous joints.
Where are they found?
Sutures-Found in the skull
Gomphosis- Found at peg and socket joints
Syndesmosis-Closely opposed bony surfaces bound together by an interosseus ligament
What are cartilaginous joint?
What are the two types of cartilaginous joint?
‘Slightly movable’ – bones are united by a continuous plate of hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage
Synchondrosis and Symphysis
Where are Synchondrosis found?
Where are Symphysis found?
Synchondrosis -Primary, found in long bones.
Secondary, bony surfaces are separated by a disc of fibro-cartilage.
What is the function of synovial?
List 4 types of synovial.
Synovial- allows free movement.
Uniaxial
Biaxial
Multiaxial
Non-axial
What happens at the uniaxial synovial?
How many axis does the uniaxial synovial?
How many planes does movement occur?
Give two example of the joints it occurs at.
Motion takes about one axis
Movement occurs in only one plane
e.g. Hinge joint, pivot joint
What happens at the biaxial synovial?
How many axis does the biaxial synovial?
How many planes does movement occur?
Give two example of the joints it occurs at.
motion takes place about two axes (MPJts)
movement occurs in two planes
e.g. Condyloid joint, ellipsoid joint
What happens at the multiaxial synovial?
How many axis does the multiaxial synovial?
How many planes does movement occur?
Give two example of the joints it occurs at.
Motion takes place around three axes which pass through the centre of the joint
Movement occurs in all three planes
E.g. Ball & socket joint
What type of motion occurs at non-axial synovial?
Give one example of the joints it occurs at.
Give example of where it occurs, one of the bones in the foot.
Only translatory motion occurs
E.G. Plane joint
Cuboid
What is the function of the veins and arteries?
Veins- Carry blood to the heart.
Arteries- Carry blood away from the heart.
What is the function of the blood vessels?
They carry oxygen to the body.
Where does oxygenated blood go to and deoxygenated blood go to?
Oxygenated- to the heart
Deoxygenated- Away from the heart.
List the layers in order from the middle to outer layer of the arteries.
Lumen, Lunica intima, Tunica media and Tunica adventitia.
What is the tunica intima layer?
Tunica intima – endothelial lining & connective tissue
What are the 2 types of tunica media? What type of tissue and muscle is there?
Tunica media
Large – elastic tissue
Medium & small – smooth muscle
What type of tissue is the tunica adventitia?
Fibrous tissue
List the layers in order from the middle to outer layer of the veins.
Lumen containing valves,Tunica intima, Tunica media and Tunica adventitia
What are nerves?
Cordlike structures extend throughout the body
Nerve fibres run in bundles called fascicles
What is the axon part of?
Where is the cell body located?
What do axons do?
The axon is part of a neuron
The cell body of the neuron is in the CNS
The axon links the cell body to the receptors
