Week 1

Question 1

What are the definitions of these words:
Superior
Inferior
Anterior
Posterior
Medial
Lateral
Proximal
Distal
Internal
External

Answer 1

Superior-Above/ Higher
Inferior-Below/Lower
Anterior-Front
Posterior-Back
Medial- Towards midline/ Closer to midline
Lateral- Away from midline
Proximal-Closer to origin
Distal-Further away from origin
Internal-Within, or interior to
External-Outside, or external to

Question 2

What are the definitions of these 2 words? Dorsal and ventral?

Answer 2

Dorsal- upper surface
Ventral- Lower

Question 3

Name 3 planes used to describe the motion of the body.

Answer 3

Sagittal, frontal (coronal) and transverse

Question 4

What is the sagittal plane of the body?
What is the frontal (coronal) plane of the body?
What is the transverse plane of the body?

Answer 4

Sagittal- divides body into left and right portions
Frontal-divides body into front and back portions
Transverse- divides body into upper and lower portions

Question 5

Name 2 types of rotations in transverse plane movement and what they do.
What are the 2 words to describe movement of sagittal plane movement and what do they do?

Answer 5

External (Lateral) rotation- body moves outwards.
Internal (Medial) rotation- body moves inwards.
Flexion- Bending of a joint, Bones are brought close to each other.
Extension- Straightening of a joint.

Question 6

Name 2 words to describe the frontal plane movement.

Answer 6

Abduction- movement of the body moving away from midline
Adduction- Movement towards midline

Question 7

What are the planes on the foot? (3) where are they?

Answer 7

Transverse plane= bottom of the foot (plantar aspect)
Sagittal plane= foot split into left and right portions
Frontal plane= Back of the foot

Question 8

What are the rotations that occur at transverse, sagittal and for frontal plane movement?

Answer 8

Transverse plane movement: Abduction/ Adduction

Saggital plane movement:
Plantarflexion/ Dorsiflexion

Frontal plane movement:
Inversion/ Eversion

Question 9

What are the definitions of the words plantarflexion, dorsiflexion, inversion and eversion?

Answer 9

Plantarflexion- movement of foot moving downwards motion.
Dorsiflexion- movement of foot moving upwards motion.
Inversion- Foot tilts towards midline of the body.
Eversion- Foot moves away from midline of body.

Question 10

What is triplanar movement?

Answer 10

When we use movements in all three planes of motion.

Question 11

What is pronation? How can you remember this?

Answer 11

(DABE)
Abduction
Eversion
Dorsiflexion

Question 12

What is supination? How can you remember this?

Answer 12

(PADI)
Adduction
Inversion
Planarflexion

Question 13

What is valgus?

Answer 13

Valgus is the lateral angulation of the distal segment of a joint, turning the foot outwards.