Week 3 Flashcards
According to Piaget, development is both continuous and discontinuous. Which of the following aspects of Piagetian theory would be considered a source of discontinuity?
a. Assimilation
b. Accommodation
c. Equilibration
d. Invariant stages
d
Piaget’s theory of cognitive development is comprised of four invariant stages from birth to adolescence. Which of the following
is the correct chronology of these stages?
a. Formal operational, preoperational, sensorimotor, and concrete operational
b. Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational
c. Sensorimotor, concrete operational, formal operational, and preoperational
d. Preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational, and sensorimotor
b
A noted accomplishment during Piaget’s sensorimotor stage is
a. symbolic representation
b. object permanence
c. conservation
d. egocentrism
b
Thinking that does not factor in the viewpoints of others is known as .
a. symbolic representation
b. centration
c. egocentrism
d. intersubjectivity
c
According to information-processing theories, the ability to encode, store, and retrieve information is referred to as
a. memory
b. rehearsal
c. metacognition
d. retrieval
a
Information-processing theories note several limits on children’s
thinking. Which of the following is not one of these limits?
a. Memory capacity
b. Implementation of task analysis
c. Speed of processing information
d. Ability to utilize problem-solving strategies
b
Overlapping waves theory explains children’s ability to
a. selectively attend to the most relevant aspect of a problem.
b. identify the obstacles in achieving a goal.
c. effectively process mental operations.
d. discover new strategies that lead to more efficient problem solving
d
Core-knowledge theories argue that __ play(s) a role in cognitive development.
a. evolution
b. memory strategies
c. cultural tools
d. biomechanical actions
a
Sociocultural theories emphasize the child’s
a. individual action in his or her environment.
b. ability to self-regulate his or her learning.
c. direct interactions with others.
d. automatization of basic skills to promote new learning.
c
Five-year-old Marcus is learning gymnastics. He’s having trouble on the balance beam, so his teacher assists by holding his hand as he
walks across. This interaction can be described as .
a. guided participation
b. discovery learning
c. intersubjectivity
d. the jigsaw approa
a
Jamal is walking with his mother. He taps her on the arm, points to
an animal, and says, “Doggie!” This is an example of
a. social scaffolding
b. joint attention
c. cultural tools
d. directed learning
b
According to Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory, young children will often talk aloud to themselves as a means of controlling their
behavior. This is referred to as speech.
a. external
b. egocentric
c. directional
d. private
d
Although Piaget argues that infants younger than 8 months fail the
A-not-B error test due to a lack of object permanence, proponents of
dynamic-systems theories argue their failure is
a. due to a combination of habit, memory demands, and focus of attention.
b. influenced by the infant’s motor abilities.
c. caused by an infant’s fragile attachment to the hidden object.
d. influenced by infant fatigue.
a
Although 15-month-old Lena has been walking unassisted for several months, on recent trips to the park her father has noticed
Lena walking on some areas of the playground but crawling on others. Lena’s regression from walking to crawling in this example is best explained by which theory?
a. Constructivist theory
b. Overlapping waves theory
c. Sociocultural theories
d. Information-processing theories
b
