week 3 Flashcards
biggest validity scales
L scale
F scale
K scale
F scale “infrequency scale”
less than 10% endorse these items
detects deviant or atypical way of responding
Possible reasons for elevated F
reading difficulties
random responding due to confusion or inattention
uncooperative
malingering or conscious exaggeration
cry for help or narcissistic demands for attention
true disturbance accurately reported
K correction
could indicate that they are down playing a problem
makes clinical scales more realistic in light of one’s efforts to look good
take an empirically determined proportion of K scale score and add it to clinical scales susceptible to the influence of social desirability
accomplishing K correction
adding a percentage of K scale raw score to:
scale 1 = add .5 of raw K score
scale 4 = add .4 of raw K score
scale 7 = add 1 full K score
scale 8 = add 1 full K score
scale 9 = add .2 of raw K score
importance of collaboration
the validity indicators are useful but nothing is as good as collaboration with the client
no substitute for active willing participation of a client
principle of profile on the MMPI
the constellation of scales give us more info than individual scales alone
scale 1
hypochondriasis
how someone adapts to health or illness
preoccupation with body and fear of disease
scale 2
depression
poor morale, lack of hope, general dissatisfaction
harris-Lingoes subscales (5)
Nichols’ subscales
Nichols’ subscales for scale 2
Dr1. depressed mood
Dr2. inhibition of aggression
Dr3. somatic malaise
Dr4. cognitive infirmity
Dr5. social vulnerability
subscale 3
Hysteria
denial of physical and/or psychological problems
resistant to seeing problems
defenses: repression and denial
scale 3 harris-Lingoes
Hy1: denial of social anxiety
Hy2: need for affection (better: denial of anger)
Hy3: Lassitude-Malaise
Hy4: somatic complaints
Hy5: inhibition of aggression
Scale 4
psychopathic deviate
difficulty incorporating values and standards of society, acting out, low frustration tolerance
can be elevated solely from family conflict
defenses: externalizing (acting out and projection)
exciter scale: elevation increases likelihood of acting out
Scale 4 harris lingoes
Pd1: familial discord
Pd2: authority problems
Pd3: social imperturbability
Pd4: social alienation
Pd5: self alienation
Scale 5
Masculinity-femininity
not a good scale - dont interpret the global score
Martin-Finn subscales are essential
reverse T-score for females
elevations for females suggests masculinity (active)
elevations for males suggest femininity (passive)
Scale 6
Paranoia
reflects:
1) psychosis (ideas of references delusions)
2) personality (suspicious, distrustful, interpersonal sensitivity)
defenses: projection, externalizing, rationalization
both high and low scores suggest paranoia
exciter scale, related to acting out
scale 6 harris-Lingoes subscale
Pa1: persecutory ideas
Pa2: poignancy
Pa3: naivete (better name: Moral righteousness)
Scale 7
psychasthenia
anxiety worry fearfulness brooding rumination
“obsessive compulsive”
defenses: intellectualization, rationalization, isolation of affect
inhibitor scale - elevation suggests acting out less likely
no subscales
being self-critical can get elevated score on this scale
scale 8
schizophrenia
two main content areas
1) funny thinking
2) social isolation
can get elevations with only social isolation
scale 8 harris-Lingoes
Sc1: social alienation
Sc2: emotional alienation
Sc3: lack of Ego mastery - cognitive
Sc4: lack of ego Mastery - Conative
Sc5: Lack of ego mastery - Defective inhibition
Sc6: bizarre sensory experiences
* low sense of identity
* feelings of defectiveness or deformed
Scale 9
hypomania = mild mania
elevated mood and energy
enhancing scale - energizes elevations on scales 4, 6, 8
HL subscales
scale 9 Harris-Lingoes subscale
Ma1: amorality
Ma2: psychomotor
Ma3: imperturbability
Ma4: Ego inflation
Scale 0
social introversion
tendency to withdrawal
two main areas
1) social participation
2) self-deprecation
highly heritable (30 year retest ~.8)
Ben Porath et al subscale
scale 0 subscale
Si1: shyness/self consciousness
Si2: social avoidance
Si3: self/other alienation
Welsh Code for the MMPI
Step1: list numbers of the 10 clinical scales from left to right in order of T score
Step 2: record the 3 validity scales (L F K) in order of T scores (separate from the clinical scales)
Step3: underline adjacent scales whose T scores are identical or differ by only 1 t score point
step4: insert symbols after the clinical scale
step5: list symbol for any range not represented between scales that span it
step 6: place symbols for the validity scales
