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Periodontal Instrumentation Final > Week 3 > Flashcards

Week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the origination and development of a disease

A

pathogenesiis

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2
Q

___ is a complex interplay between subgingival biofilm and host immune inflammatory events that develop in the gingival and periodontal tissues in response to bacterial challenge

A

periodontitis

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3
Q

what results in the breakdown of fibers of the PDL, clinical attachment loss and resorption of alveolar bone

A

pathogenesiis

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4
Q

T/F: perioidontal pocket is a favorable environment for bacteria to survive

A

TRUE

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5
Q

what is part of epithelial portion of dentogingival junction

A

gingival, sulcular, and junctional epithelium

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6
Q

what are the histologic stages of gingivitis and periodontitis

A
  • know this
  1. initial lesion
  2. early lesion
  3. established lesion
  4. advanced lesion
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7
Q

what develops within 2-4 days of plaque acclumination

A

initial lesion

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8
Q

what lesion corresponds to clinically healthy gingival tisssues

A

initial lesion

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9
Q

what develops after 1 week of continued plaque accumulation

A

early lesion

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10
Q

what corresponds to early gingiviitis (clinically eviident)

A

early lesion

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11
Q

what corresponds to established, chronic ginigiivitis

A

established lesion

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12
Q

what marks the transition from gingivitis to periodontitiis

A

advanced lesion

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13
Q

what are clinical signs of disease

A

pocket formation and bone resorptiion

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14
Q

types of immunity

A

innate and adaptiive

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15
Q

what is part of innate immunity that prevents pathogens from invading cells and tissues of body

A
  1. saliva
  2. epithelial tissues
  3. gingival crrevicular fluid
  4. neutrophils
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16
Q

what provide a focused and intense defenses against infections that overwhelm the innate immune respsonsess

A

adaptive immunity

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17
Q

what is part of adaptive immunity

A
  1. antigen presenting cells
  2. t-cells
  3. antibodies
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18
Q

what is the primary cause of gingival inflammation

A

plaque!

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19
Q

can you find calculus supragingivally or subgingival?

A

BOTH

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20
Q

inorganic composition of calculus

A

70-90% inorganic

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21
Q

4 modes of attachment for calculus

A
  1. organic pellicle on cementum
  2. attachment on enamel
  3. mechanical locking into surface irregularitie
  4. close adaptation of calculus to depressions on unaltered cementum and then penetration into cementum
22
Q

does calculus contribute directly to gingival inflammation

A

NO

23
Q

what is the plaque formation process

A
  1. formation of pellicle
  2. initial adhesion/attachment of bacteria
  3. colonization/plaque maturation
24
Q

what is colonization/plaque maturation

A

shift from supragingival plaque with high gram+ organisms to subgingival plaque with high gram- organisms

25
Q

what are the 5 microbial shifts as health progresses to periodontitis

A
  1. gram + to -
  2. cocci to rods
  3. nonmotile to motile
  4. faculative anaerobes to obligate anaerobes
  5. fementing to proteolytic
26
Q

“The host response to the bacterial challenge originating from the dental biofilm has been considered to a play a major role in initiation and tissue destruction of ___.”

A

periodontal diseases

27
Q

what is an adherent mass of salivary proteins, organized bacterial colonies and their associated cytotoxins

A

plaque

28
Q

what is the primary causes of all iinfectious dental diseases (caries, ginigivitis, and periodontitis)

A

plaque

29
Q

what is hard, tenacious mineralized deposits on enamel, dentin, and cementum

A

calculus

30
Q

what is calculus made up of

A

Ca2+, PO4, salivary proteins, cellular debris and bacteria and their cytotoxins

31
Q

What becomes embedded into cementum and becomes increasingly difficult to remove

A

Calculus

32
Q

Where does most plaque accumulate

A

Below height of contour

33
Q

What does normal gingiva look like

A

Pink, firm, knife-edged, stippled, no BOP

34
Q

What are early sides of gingivitis than the visual sides of inflammation

A

Redness, swelling

35
Q

2017 classifications of gingivitis

A

Localized gingivitis: less than 30% of teeth affected by BOP
Generalized gingivitis: 30% or more of teeth affected by BOP

36
Q

1999 classifications of gingivitis

A
  1. Papillary gingivitis
  2. Marginal gingivitis
  3. Diffuse gingivitis
37
Q

Severity of gingivitis per 2017 workshop

A
  1. Mild gingival inflammation: area w minor change in color and little change in texture of tissues
  2. Moderate gingival inflammation: area with glazing, redness, edema, enlargement and BOP
  3. Severe gingival inflammation: area of overt and edema with tendency toward bleeding when touched rather than probed
38
Q

Drug induced gingival enlargement is associated with what medications

A
  1. Anti epileptic drugs
  2. Calcium channel blocking drugs
  3. Immunoregulsting drugs
  4. High dose oral contraceptives
39
Q

What is the increase in volume of an organ or tissue due to enlargement of its component cells

A

Hypertrophy

40
Q

What is is when the cells remains approximately the same size but there is an increase in number of cells

A

Hyperplasia

41
Q

What explorer is double ended with pointed, curved, flexible ends

A

11/12 lab 3

42
Q

Can 11/12 be used in all areas of mouth? Can it be used to detect Supra and subgingival calculus

A

Yes, yes

43
Q

You should use the tip of the 11/12 explorer

A

No

44
Q

What do we use the 11/12 explorer for

A

Calculus detection

45
Q

What type of strokes to use for 11/12 explorer

A

Up and down
Oblique
Horizontal

46
Q

Where does calculus initially form

A

CEJ

47
Q

Most calculus missed is where

A

CEJ

48
Q

Various forms of subgingival calculus

A
  1. Nodular - small to large bumps that are usually easy to detect
  2. Veneer - a flat sheet of calculus that is usually difficult or impossible to detect
49
Q

Correct positioning of 11/12 explorer

A

Terminal shank parallel to long axis of tooth and tip curved into interproximal area

50
Q

When using 11/12 on posterior teeth, you should check the terminal shank where

A

Distal of premolar

51
Q

Does the terminal shank of 11/12 cross over the midline and working end curves around anterior tooth?

A

Yes, it looks like a seatbelt

Periodontal Instrumentation Final (5 decks)

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