WEEK 3 Flashcards
what are the 3 types of camera sensors?
- film
- analog
- digital
what was the og camera sensor?
*hint on our body :)
human eye - the retina
- light was registered by rods behind the retina
what are the 3 main colours of cone receptors!?
red green and blue
rods are sensitive to __________
light
cones are sensitive to ____________
colour
lights is registered by 2 different things what are they?
cones and rods!
gelatin solution, contains bromide and silver nitrate
film
in film: smaller crystals = more clean and ______ grain
more or less
less grain
in film: larger crystals = more sensitive to light and ______grain
more or less
more grain
what does CCD stadn for
charge coupled device
*invented 1969
*converts light into a voltage
*power hungry
CCD/charge coupled device
-Light hits silver crystals and when developed, block light to form images
-Only available sensitive for 2 color temps (indoor/daylight)
-NO WHITE BALANCE ADJUSTMENT
-Shooting on film lets you choose film stock with specific ISO
-Cheaper to purchase
FILM
the first camera began as ______&________
black and white
*then progressed to RGB color, used in studio
- Converts intensity of light to a voltage
- Amplifies it on sensor itself
-Captures things in line-by-line pattern (rolling shutter)
-Uses Bayer pattern filter: square of 4: 2 green, 1 blue, 1 red
CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)
used to adjust colours to match the colour of the light source so that white objects appear white
white balance
how sensitive camera is to light
iso/gain
what is gain measured in?
dB (0dB means zero gain number increases as gain increases)
Cameras with higher base ISO are ______________ sensitivie to light
more or less
more (require less light to record well exposed, noiseless image)
_________________ISO or gain from base setting (0dB) will decrease signal to noise ratio (results in noisier picture)
increasing or decreasing
increasing
counted using number of pixels in an image
the resolution
the process of turning each group of primary colours 2x2 into a single light and the colour resulting in a pixel
de-mosaic process
larger the sensor ________ the depth of view
*smaller or larger
smaller or shallower
dimensions of the frame shown (ratio of the rectangle)
aspect ratio
what is the most common aspect ratio?
16:9
explain frame rate?
nothing is actually moving its just frames per second
*Human eye only sees 12 fps, if faster than that our brain blurs images together
Why don’t we use 24 fps in video/television?
Due to interlacing: splitting the image into 2 images, each containing half the info, played back in rapid succession
what is the standard for frame rate PAL?
25 fps
one field is scanned (odd lines first, then even lines), see them as single frame when played in rapid succession
interlaced
each line is scanned top to bottom sequentially
progressive
what is rec run in recording?
- TC starts running when we hit record, stops when recording stops
- Common in single cam production
what is free run in recording?
- TC is continuously running regardless of recording or not
- Food for documentaries, etc with multi cam (set to time of day, can sync all videos)
what type of equipment is this?
Adjustable legs
Heads- fluid and gear heads
Allows for pan and tilt motions
Fluid: ease and portability
Gear: allows for more precision, quick start and stop movements
TRIPOD
what type of equipment is this?
allow for dolly in/out, truck left/right, and ped up/down
pedestals
allow for dolly in/out, truck left/right and arc, have built in pedestals
dolly
telescopic and non-telescopic, allows jib up/down
jib
when cameras are genlocked their shutters all fire at the same time!
genlock
rate at which frames are played back
timebase
the rate at which frames are recorded
frame rate
not enough chroma?
desaturated or saturated?
desaturated
colourful :)
desaturated or saturated?
saturated baby ;)
