Week 3 Flashcards
Type of loans in Old Norse
general vocabulary and function words (evinces type of language contact)
Effect of French borrowings (3)
General increase of English word stock
Disappearance of OE vocabulary
Semantic differences: specialisation, formality, dialects
1250:
change in relation English-French
Contact French – English (2)
Diglossic situation > bilingual speakers
Both oral contact and ‘a prolonged history in which French influenced English as a technical written
language’ > NO FUNCTION WORDS
Varieties of French
NF: provincial by 13thC
CF: prestigious variety
Borrowings from Old Norse, which occurred in
the late Old English period, first show up in large numbers on Middle English texts > reasons
Effects of ON loans (3)
Generally, replacement
Semantic differentiation
Hybridisation of form and meaning
OLD NORSE - Language contact:
invasions ON speakers 8thC onwards. Linguistic intelligibility, similar culture,
bilingualism > integration
FRENCH Cultural borrowings: 1000 (3)
Examples: baron, noble, servant, minstrel etc
Domains: high (religion, court, literature)
Definition: English speakers exposed to French (high domains)
FRENCH Intimate borrowings + everyday words: (4)
Number: increase (peak 14thC)
Examples: assembly, mountain, herb, pardon, tragedy, confession + please, change
Domains: social life, food, medicine, administration, learning, trading, kinship etc.
Definition: bilingual context
Types of French borrowings; esp. visible in phonetic differences (2)
Varieties: NF vs CF
Date: early vs late borrowings (medieval vs modern)
Date:
early vs late borrowings (medieval vs modern)
