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Geriatrics Eval > Week 3 > Flashcards

Week 3 Flashcards

1
Q
  • long term illness

- often permanent, leaving residual disability that may require long-term management rather than a cure

A

chronic disease

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2
Q

more than what percent of older adults have at least one chronic health condition?

A

80%

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3
Q

multiple conditions occur in what percent of medicare beneficiaries?

A

70%

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4
Q

close to what percent of seniors with a chronic health condition report limitations in daily living skills?

A

40%

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5
Q

chronic diseases account for more than what percent of healthcare costs?

A

75%

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6
Q

which disease can lead to these effects on function:

  • breathlessness
  • managing oxygen/life of tank
  • psychological implications/emotional well-being
  • decrease engagement in social activities
  • fatigue with showering, grooming, yard maintenance
  • stair climbing limitations
  • influence of weather
A

COPD

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7
Q

which disease can lead to these effects on function:

-difficulties with shopping, cleaning, heavy housework, laundry, traveling

A

CHF

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8
Q

which disease can lead to these effects on function:

-neuropathy in hands and feet, vision impairments, poor circulation leading to skin problems, ulcers, amputations

A

diabetes (high blood sugar levels)

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9
Q

which disease can lead to these effects on function:

  • jittery
  • weakness
  • lethargy
  • poor coordination
  • cold and clammy
  • blurred vision
A

diabetes (low blood sugar levels)

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10
Q

which disease can lead to these effects on function:

  • persistent difficulty walking several blocks and climbing one flight of stairs
  • difficulty with bathing, dressing, transferring, using the toilet and eating are also more common
A

OA

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11
Q

name the 3 trajectories of chronic disease in order.

A
  • slowly accumulate functional deficits over time
  • difficulty walking long distances and doing heavy housework
  • progress to basic ADL difficulty and difficulty walking short distances
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12
Q

name 4 threats to autonomy with chronic disease.

A
  • functional decline
  • long-term care placement
  • negative mindset
  • professional’s attitudes
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13
Q

name 2 measurements of QOL.

A
  • SF-36

- CDC HRQOL - 14

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14
Q

___ ___ is the ideal way for someone to manage chronic disease.

A

self-management

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15
Q
  • group intervention for people with any type or number of chronic diseases
  • has been modified to make it disease specific, trained healthcare professional led
  • 2.5 hours/week for 6 weeks
  • includes disease-related problem solving, action planning
  • skills related to medication management, communication with healthcare providers, nutrition and exercises
  • strong evidence to support effectiveness for improving occupational performance
A

stanford chronic disease self-management (CDSMP)

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16
Q

name 7 focuses of diabetes self-management interventions.

A
  1. healthy eating
  2. being active
  3. monitoring
  4. taking medications
  5. problem solving
  6. healthy coping
  7. reducing risks
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17
Q

the most promising diabetes self-management programs focus on which 4 skills?

A
  1. problem solving
  2. decision making
  3. action planning
  4. self-tailoring
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18
Q
  • 6-week group-based program and an individual session to promote carry over of self-management strategies to locations of daily living
  • be active! manual developed based on this program/study
  • multidisciplinary team approach including OT, PT, nursing and speech
  • clinical nurse specialist monitors medication adherence
A

Parkinson’s self-management

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19
Q

each Parkinson’s self-management session includes which 5 components?

A
  • motion, flexibility, and strength exercises
  • speech exercises (stretching facial muscles, strengthening muscles of vocal cords)
  • functional training (getting up from bed or a chair, dressing, social communication)
  • gait training (walking with external auditory cues to improve gait pattern and speed)
  • group discussion
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20
Q

what is an important component of health management?

A

medication management

21
Q

use of multiple medications, use of more medications than clinically indicated

A

polypharmacy

22
Q
  • clinical tool that catalogues medications that cause adverse drug events in older adults due to their pharmacologic properties and the physiological changes associated with aging
  • also includes drug-disease and drug-syndrome interactions that may exacerbate the disease
A

Beers Criteria

23
Q

older adults are at a higher risk of which 2 nutrition related complications?

A
  • malnutrition

- dehydration

24
Q

name 7 nutritional needs of older adults.

A
  • protein
  • potassium
  • calcium
  • vitamin D
  • dietary fiber
  • vitamin B12
  • nutrition supplements in select cases
25
Q

name 3 meal preparation strategies for older adults.

A
  • convenience foods with high nutritional content
  • microwave-OT interventions
  • meals on wheels, senior centers
26
Q

name 3 strategies to improve food intake.

A
  • physical activity
  • incorporate neighbors, friends or family
  • incorporate fresh herbs, increase variety
27
Q

how would you treat low blood sugar levels in rehab?

A
  • apple juice
  • candies
  • tablets
28
Q
  • actively shaping one’s life and being in charge

- just bc you ask for help doesn’t mean you do not have autonomy

A

positive autonomy

29
Q
  • the minute someone has to help you, you don’t feel autonomy anymore
  • all about how you conceptualize it
A

negative autonomy

30
Q
  • 14-item measure

- looks at healthy days symptoms, activity limitations, symptoms like pain and anxiety, sleep

A

CDC HRQOL-14

31
Q

which types of food do individuals with diabetes have to be careful with?

A
  • sugar
  • starch
  • saturated and trans fats
32
Q

name 4 components that individuals with diabetes have to monitor.

A
  • weight
  • blood sugar levels
  • insulin
  • medications
33
Q

which 2 body parts do individuals with diabetes have to be extra careful of?

A

skin and eyes

34
Q

being able to find support and move forward

A

emotion-focused coping

35
Q

learning how to manage with disease

A

problem-focused coping

36
Q

what should be on the plate of an individual with diabetes?

A

half should be non-starchy vegetables, 1/4 should be low glycemic starch (whole-wheat pasta, sweet potatoes), other half should be lean protein

37
Q

what would a diabetes peer mentor look like?

A

around the same age, maybe lives in the community, also has diabetes, they’ve found ways to cope and manage and are able to share those ways

38
Q

name 9 symptoms of PD that need to be managed.

A
  • tremors
  • changes in gait
  • decreased speech
  • decreased muscle strength
  • muscle rigidity
  • cognitive impairments
  • balance problems
  • freezing
  • slowness of movement (bradykinesia)
39
Q

name a strategy for gait training for individuals with PD.

A

walking to a beat (music)

40
Q

name 3 symptoms of orthostatic hypotension.

A
  • nausea
  • dizziness
  • feeling faint
41
Q

which medications for pain work well for older adults?

A

extra strength Tylenols

42
Q

name 3 behaviors of dementia that may need managing.

A
  • agitation
  • wandering
  • aggression
43
Q

what is used as a solution for managing behaviors of dementia?

A

OT activity-based interventions

44
Q

what is used as a last resort for managing dementia behaviors?

A

anti-psychotics (increase the risk for death and strokes)

45
Q

poor ____ can affect nutrition.

A

dentition (teeth)

46
Q

name 2 nutrients important for wound healing.

A
  • protein

- vitamin C

47
Q

which vitamin is linked to cognition?

A

vitamin B12 (low levels can impact cognitive abilities)

48
Q

who qualifies for meals on wheels?

A

must be homebound (temporarily or permanently)

49
Q

what is the main mission of many senior centers?

A

to provide hot meals to older adults - no income requirement

Geriatrics Eval (12 decks)

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