Week 1 Flashcards
name 5 aspects of geriatric syndromes.
- falls
- frailty
- incontinence
- functional decline
- delirium
Describe Medicare guidelines for OTRs and COTAs.
- OTR is responsible for evaluation and reevaluation.
- COTA must be supervised
- general supervision required except for private practice which requires direct supervision
- in clinics, rehab agencies, COTA must have on site supervision at least every 30 days
which 3 guidelines should an OT consider for OTR and COTA responsibilities/guidelines?
-AOTA guidelines
-state guidelines
-Medicare guidelines
(follow most stringent guidelines)
- purpose is to understand what is important and meaningful to the client.
- determines occupational history, experiences, patterns of daily living, interests
- uncover what client needs or wants to do in the present and future
- client’s select their own goals and priorities
- promotes client-centered practice
- guides evaluation, intervention planning and intervention implementation
occupational profile
name the 2 methods of developing the occupational profile.
- formal interview
- informal conversation
- multi-dimensional, interdisciplinary assessment
- considers mental health, physical health, functioning and social situation
comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA)
- establishes a baseline
- assesses effects of depression, substance abuse and adverse effects of medications should be considered.
mental status testing
- assesses ADL and IADL status including community mobility and driving
- a signal of illness and a focus for prevention efforts
functional assessments
- assesses an individual’s social support system
- assesses caregiver’s health and functional status
- considers adult mistreatment
social assessments
-helps identify people at risk for social isolation
Lubben Social Network Scale
screenings for depression and anxiety
psychological assessments
based on history, may include:
- vital signs
- vision and hearing
- ROM and strength
- response time
- sensation, fine and gross motor coordination
- skin
- gait and balance
physical assessments
knowledge of patient wishes regarding care
advanced directives
what is the most reliable indicator of geriatric pain?
self-report of pain
self-report scales and observation-based assessments
pain assessments
-assesses pain in older adults with cognitive impairment who cannot be assessed using standardized pain instruments
PAINAD
-measures quality and patterns of sleep in the older adults
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)
- includes physical functioning, bodily pain, role limitations due to physical health problems, role limitations due to personal or emotional problems, emotional well-being, social functioning, energy/fatigue, and general health perceptions.
- useful outcome measure for health promotion programs
Rand-36 item health survey (SF-36)
name 3 preparatory methods for older adults.
- practicing standing balance
- stretching
- strengthening
with each decade of life, we have an increased risk of which 2 conditions?
- dementia
- chronic disease
what is a symptom of a UTI in older adults?
confusion (temporary dementia)
what is the most common chronic health condition among older adults?
osteoarthritis
things common in older adults and can reduce function but aren’t as clear cut - more layered
geriatric syndromes
name 5 signs of frailty.
- weight loss
- self-reported exhaustion
- weakness
- low physical activity level
- slow gait speed
temporary state of confusion
delirium
1 out of every 3 older adults who goes to the hospital develops what?
delirium
delirium is easier to ___ than ___.
prevent, reverse
name 4 risk factors for delirium.
- malnutrition
- dehydration
- infections
- sensory deprivation
name 4 ways to prevent delirium.
- maintaining regular physical activity
- focus on lighting - open blinds
- make sure they have access to their glasses and hearing aids
- orient them to time - phone, clock, cognitive stimulation
name 4 ADL assessments.
- Barthel index
- FIM (functional independence measure)
- KATZ index
- PASS (performance assessment of self-care skills)
looks at both independence and safety as separate measures
PASS (Performance Assessment of Self-Care Skills)
name 4 ways skin can change in older adults.
- becomes thinner
- becomes less elastic
- decreased sensitivity to light touch
- drier skin
name 2 common sources of pain in older adults.
- joint pain
- neuralgia
which pain assessment has been found to be helpful for people with low literacy levels?
FACES pain scale
supplement pain assessments with ____.
observation
also think about people’s ___ ___ when choosing pain assessments.
sensory deficits
t/f - cognitive loss is not part of typical aging.
true
keeping healthy people healthy
primary prevention
name an example of primary prevention.
health promotion and prevention - sleep
someone has symptoms and we want to prevent condition from exacerbating
secondary prevention
name 2 examples of secondary prevention.
- medication management
- falls prevention - if someone has fallen before or has a fear of falling - we want to use secondary prevention to make sure they don’t fall again
Name a strength of the PAINAD assessment.
can be used to train caregivers
name 2 limitations of the PAINAD assessment.
- it doesn’t tell us where the pain is located
- it doesn’t tell us what is causing the pain
measure of health-related quality of life
Rand 36-item health survey
what does a higher score on the Rand 36-item health survey indicate?
better health-related quality of life
describe the scoring results and meaning of the Lubben Social Network Scale.
less than 12 on complete measure or less than 6 on the subscale test indicates that the person is at risk for social isolation
describe the scoring results of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).
score of 5 or higher = poor sleeper
