Week 3 Flashcards
how to reduce medication errors
reducing the use of abbreviations
electronically written rather than handwritten
encouraging active participation of patients regarding their health
types of non-adherance
failure to take medication, to take correct dose, taking for the wrong reasons, incorrect timing of doses, taking other medication resulting in interaction
factors affecting adherence
patient characteristics, treatment setting, medication characteristics, clinical features of illness, clinical expertise
prevention of adherence problems
identify at risk patients
treatment planning
appropriate explanation to patient
what affects patients understanding?
intellect of patients
language
verbal instructions than written
where do drugs come from?
chemical modification of a known molecule random screening of biological products traditional remedies rational drug design natural therapies luck
criteria of successful new drug
effective against target protein no serious ADR's oral formulation good solubility and permeability scalable manufacture reasonable half life good bioavailability
phases of human drug development
pre-clinical, phase 1, 2, 3, and 4
small subjects to gain information on effectiveness or because of adverse effects
phase 1
to determine safety and efficacy in patients with target disorder
phase 2
confirmation of efficacy and safety in target disease in a large patient cohort
phase 3
estimated 1 to 500 drugs get to this stage
phase 4 or post marketing studies
ethics board - NHMRC
laywomen/man lawyer minister of religion health professional researcher chairperson