week 24

Question 1

Social Actor

Answer 1

how ppl view us?
emerges at 18 months

Question 1

traits & social roles

Answer 1

• percieved consistenises in social performance
  —- ocean
• moves from physical to psycholoial with maturation
  —- i have blue eyes –> i am caring
• self as first defined through socaiil behaviour in a groupnsetting, in reference to the success of that behaviour
  – traits become more stable around adolescence

Question 2

The motivated agent

Answer 2

• emerges at end of childhood before puberty
• e have out own goals, vlaues, hopes, fears (required theory of mind)
• emerges 7-9
  (5-7 shift when children become more deliberately goal-oriented in an organized manner) e.g., kid wants to become astronaut–> space camp
• we define ourselves through commiting to and achieving goals
  Episodic future thought:
• we anticipeate how our projects or goals will turn out and how will it be for us

Question 2

Social Roles

Answer 2

• behavorial patterns expected based on setting and situations
• e., what role are we playing, and how does that change how we act?
• comes with expectation s and constraints on behaviour
• i am… a student/ teacher/brother/husband

can influence what traits we periece ourselves to have
(interaction between social roles and traits)
— if u have social work, you could begin to define yourself as extroverted, however, a different job might not let u see that side of you

Question 3

Episodpic future thought

Answer 3

• we anticipeate how our projects or goals will turn out and how will it be for us
• picturing how things will work out in the future in reference to what it is youre doing

Question 4

Autobiographical author

Answer 4

Narrative Identity
- selective reconstruction of past to integrate with future
- aimed at providing unity
strong effect of culture

Temporal Continuity
- development and connection between who we are and where we are going (past, present, and future)

Autobiographical Reasoning
- we use life story to infer sho we are
- we have urge to draw menaing from our experiences

emerges 15-25

Question 5

CULTURE

Answer 5

Influences of culture:
Redemption narratives:
- a model for good life when from sick to healthy, poor to rich, ect. in western culture
very appealing to us, happy ending s that come from work, drama, or conflict.
- prefereed over stories with negative outocome
- reduces anxiety about our own story

Culture:
- social patterns of shared meanings

Features:
1) versatility - change and adapt (eg easter)
2) Sharing - how cultures spreads
3) Accumulation - collected knowledge over generations
4) Patterns - predictable and systemic behaviours and thinking (ending of weddings for example)

Dimensions of culture:

individualistic;
-values what makes u specialn
- personality traits

cultivistic:
- how do they connect with others
- are they aluable for the ommunitiy

verticle
- you can have socail mobility (in status)
- north america (individualistic)
- japan, china, korea (cultivistic)

horizontal
- more equal, less variation
- denmark, sweeden, australia (individualistic)
- brazil, portugal, israeli kibbutz (cultivistic)

Self- construal

A. independant self
- uniqness and personality
B. Interdependant self
- social context drives behaviour

Question 6

Aquiring culture

Answer 6

• taught what to do
• e.g., how do we greet other people (we observe and absorb)

Question 7

gender

Answer 7

Sex
- biological cateogry (male/female)
- across species, determinded by gamete size

• gender
• psycholocal, soial, cultura; meanings, norms, expectations

gender identity
- how we see ourself, may or may not consistent with biological sex
— cisgender
—transgender

Gender identity is not inherently dichotomous nor stable
-nonbinary
-genderfluid
-agender
-bigender

gender roles:
- socail constructions of how ppl should behaviovae based on gender
- vary across time and culture

• feminity: polite and emotional / caregiver
• maleness: assertive, strong, bold / polititian

90% of boys male scientist

33% in 1985 58% in 2016b

the older they get the more they draw male scientists :(

promotes gender roles and stereotypes

how we subtly asses gender stereotypes

WHY?

developmental intergroup
- adults put alot of attention on gender

social learning
- through reinforcement or punishment modeling

Gender Schema theory
- kids acively learn about and organize gender relates indoemation from broader culture which n perpetuate gender stereotypes
- aka kids are sponges

STUDY: on gender schema theory
- IV; masculine. feminine. netral statement
— + name
stereotypical male phrases were better remenebered when attributed to male speaker

feminien stateents better remeneberd when attributed to female peaker

Dramaturgical approach: conceptualisrself as acoer, agent, and author