Week 202 - Stroke

Question 1

What will telencephalon form?

Answer 1

Cerebrum

Question 2

What will diencephalon form?

Answer 2

Thalamus, Hypothalamus

Question 3

What will mesencephalon form?

Answer 3

Midbrain

Question 4

What will metencephalon form?

Answer 4

cerebellum and pons

Question 5

What artery is formed when the vertebral arteries form?

Answer 5

Basilar artery

Question 6

What nerves pass through the cavernous sinus?

Answer 6

Abducent nerve (VI)

Question 7

What nerves pass lateral to cavernous sinus?

Answer 7

Oculomotor nerve (III)
Trochlear nerve (IV)
Opthalmic nerve (V1)
Maxillary nerve (V2)

Question 8

What is the basic set of investigations after stroke?

Answer 8

FBC
BP, ECG
CXR
CT +/- MR
Lipids Glucose

Question 9

What is lacunar infarct?

Answer 9

Small Infarct (<1cm diameter)
Blockage of perforating vessels

Question 10

Where is the most common place for a haemorrhage stroke to occur?

Answer 10

basal ganglia, cerebellum, pons

Increasingly important cause is cerebral amyloid antipathy (deposition of amyloid peptide)

Question 11

Why are watershed zones particularly vulnerable to stroke?

Answer 11

Regions between arterial territories

Question 12

What is the blood supply to the cerebellum?

Answer 12

Superior cerebellar artery (SCA) -from basilar
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) -from basilar
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) - from vertebral artery

Question 13

What are the FOUR types of brain haemorrhage?

Answer 13

Primary brain haemorrhage
Extradural haemorrhage
Subdural haemorrhage
Subarachnoid haemorrhage

Question 14

A lesion in which part of the brain may cause hemispatial neglect and sensory inattention?

Answer 14

Pariental Lobe

Question 15

A damage to which area would give speech of robotic type?

Answer 15

Wernicke’s area

Question 16

What is the definition of a STROKE?

Answer 16

Neurological deficit related to an atraumatic vascular event

Question 17

What assessment is carried out for TIAs?

Answer 17

ABCD2

High risk pts (6-7) have a 8% two day reccurent stroke risk

Question 18

What areas does the Anterior Cerebral Artery supply?

Answer 18

Medial and Superior aspects of frontal and parietal lobes

Question 19

What areas does the Middle Cerebral Artery supply?

Answer 19

Lateral aspects of frontal, parietal & temporal lobes

Question 20

What areas does the Posterior Cerebral Artery supply?

Answer 20

Occipital lobe

Inferior aspect of temporal lobe

Question 21

What blood vessels “boost” the spinal arteries?

Answer 21

Radiculospinal branches (from vertebral and intercostal arteries)

Question 22

What is the basic set of investigations in Stroke?

Answer 22

FBC
BP
ECG
CXR
CT
Lipids, Glucose

Question 23

What are the conditions for rTPA use in Stroke?

Answer 23

Thrombotic type
<3 hrs
no factors to ↑ICH

Question 24

What medications are available for post-stroke prophylaxis?

Answer 24

Antiplatelet drugs: ASA+dipyridamole+clopidogrel

Anticoagulants: Warfarin (C/E stroke + CVST)

Question 25

What are the most susceptible neurons in the brain to ischaemia?

Answer 25

Pyramidal cells of hippocampus & cortex

Purkinje cells of cerebellum

Question 26

What are the conditions of brain perfusion?

Answer 26

Arterial BP > ICP

Question 27

What is haemosiderosis?

Answer 27

Iron-overload

a complication of aneurysmal rupture