Week 2 Vaccines: Symptoms/Complications of diseases

Question 1

Diphtheria symptoms (3)

Answer 1

insidious onset of pharyngitis, membrane formation within 2-3 days which can cause respiratory obstruction, patient appears toxic but no fever

Question 2

Hib symptoms (5)

Answer 2

meningitis, epiglottitis, PNA, arthritis, cellulitis

Question 3

Hep A symptoms (7)

Answer 3

abrupt onset of fever, malaise, anorexia, nausea, abdominal discomfort, dark urine and jaundice

Question 4

Hep B symptoms
Pre-icteric (11)
Icteric (5)

Answer 4

Pre icteric: insidious onset of malaise, anorexia, N/V, R upper quadrant abdominal pain, fever, HA, myalgia, skin rashes, arthralgia and arthritis, dark urine

Icteric: 1-3 weeks, jaundice, light or gray stools, hepatic tenderness and hepatomegaly

Question 5

HPV symptoms (2)
What cancers can HPV give rise to?

Answer 5

anogenital warts, respiratory papillomatosis

cervical and vaginal, vulvar or penile cancers

Question 6

Flu symptoms (5)

Answer 6

abrupt onset of fever, myalgia, sore throat, nonproductive cough, HA

Question 7

Measles symptoms (6)

Answer 7

increasing fever, cough, runny nose, conjunctivitis, koplik spots (rash on mucous membranes), maculopapular eruption

Question 8

Meningococcal disease symptoms (6)

Answer 8

sudden onset of fever, HA, stiff neck, N/V, photophobia, altered mental status

Question 9

Mumps symptoms (4)

Answer 9

myalgia, malaise, HA, low-grade fever

Question 10

Pertussis symptoms (4)

Answer 10

runny nose, sneezing, low-grade fever, occasional cough that becomes more severe and long-lasting

Question 11

Pneumococcal disease symptoms (4)

Answer 11

abrupt onset of fever and chills or rigors, single rigor, repeated shaking chills uncommon, pleuritic chest pain

Question 12

Polio - 4 forms of disease process

Answer 12

1. asymptomatic
2. minor nonspecific illness, or nonparalytic aseptic
3. meningitis, prodrome symptom
4. less than 1% of all polio cases result in flaccid paralysis

Question 13

Rotavirus symptoms (3)

Answer 13

self-limited watery diarrhea or severe dehydrating diarrhea and vomiting

Question 14

Rubella symptoms (5)

Answer 14

1-5 day prodrome with low-grade fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy, URI; maculopapular rash

Question 15

tetanus symptoms (9)

Answer 15

lockjaw, nuchal rigidity, difficulty swallowing, rigidity of muscles, elevated temp, sweating, elevated BP, rapid HR, spasms

Question 16

Varicella symptoms (1)

Answer 16

vesicular rash on trunk then extremities

Question 17

Diphtheria complications (4)

Answer 17

1. myocarditis
2. neuritis
3. paralysis of the soft palate, eyes and limbs
4. death

Question 18

Hib complications (2)

Answer 18

1. hearing impairment and neuro sequelae

2. death

Question 19

Hep A complications (4)

Answer 19

1. immunologic
2. neurologic
3. hematologic
4. pancreatic and renal extrahepatic manifestations

Question 20

Hep B complications (4)

Answer 20

fulminant hepatitis, hospitalization, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma death

Question 21

HPV complications (6)

Answer 21

oropharyngeal, cervical, vaginal, vulvar, penile, anal cancers

Question 22

Flu complications (4)

Answer 22

PNA, secondary bacterial infections, Reye syndrome, myocarditis

Question 23

Measles complications (6)

Answer 23

diarrhea, acute otitis media, PNA, encephalitis, seizures, death

Question 24

Meningococcal disease complications (5)

Answer 24

petechial or purpuric rash, hypotension, shock, acute adrenal hemorrhage, multiorgan failure

Question 25

Mumps complications

Answer 25

orchitis, parotitis

Question 26

Pertussis complications (10)

Answer 26

secondary bacterial PNA, neuro complications (seizures, encephalopathy), otitis media, anorexia, dehydration, pneumothorax, epistaxis, subdural hematoma, hernias, rectal prolapse

Question 27

Pneumococcal disease complications (3)

Answer 27

bacteremia, meningitis, death

Question 28

``` Polio complications (1) How many cases result in death? ```

Answer 28

paralytic polio | death in 2-5% of cases

Question 29

Rotavirus complications (4)

Answer 29

severe diarrhea, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, metabolic acidosis

Question 30

Rubella complications (3)

Answer 30

arthralgia, encephalitis, hemorrhagic complications

Question 31

``` Varicella complications (4) What condition does it predispose patients to? ```

Answer 31

bacterial superinfection, PNA, CNS manifestations, Reyes syndrome; predisposed to shingles

Question 32

What are the only permanent contraindications to receiving a vaccine?

Answer 32

1. Severe allergic reaction to a vaccine component or following a prior dose 2. Encephalopathy not due to another identifiable cause occurring within 7 days of pertussis vaccine 3. Severe combined immunodeficiency or history of intussusception for rotavirus vaccine

Question 33

Tetanus complications (3)

Answer 33

laryngospasm, HTN, PE, fractures