Week 2 - Trauma

Question 1

what dye is used to assess epithelial damage in the eye?

Answer 1

Fleurescein eye drops

Question 2

what muscle is affected by blow out fractures - and what is the effect?

Answer 2

inferior rectus

eye cannot look up

Question 3

what is a “white blowout fracture” ?

Answer 3

blow out # - inferior orbit wall
in kids
only sign is that they cannot look up - no bruising etc

Question 4

what is a “tear sign” on X ray?

Answer 4

fat herniation through a blowout fracture

Question 5

what is “hyphema”?

Answer 5

pooling of blood in the anterior chamber

Question 6

what is bruising of the retina called?

Answer 6

Commotio Retinae

Question 7

what is a useful test in large penetrating eye injuries? how is it done

Answer 7

Siedel’s test
If you suspect that aqueous is leaking out - put dye in and observe if the dye is being diluted.

smarty pants trick

Question 8

a serious something rare to be aware of in penetrating eye injuries?

Answer 8

sympathetic opthalmia

bilateral autoimmune uvieitis

Question 9

what eye injury do you always x ray?

Answer 9

IOFB - intra ocular foreign body.

probably small

Question 10

signs of penetrating injury (4)

Answer 10

irregular pupil shape
localised “acute” cataract development
gross af inflammation
shallow anterior chamber (?)

Question 11

what is limbus ischaemia caused by ? why is it an issue later on?

Answer 11

alkali chemical burns

damage to stem cells which are needed for corneal repair

Question 12

effect of acid on eye?

Answer 12

not very penetrating - doesn’t get past cornea

causes protein coagulartion

Question 13

5 step management of chemical burn of eye?

Answer 13

1. history - inc lime/ cement
2. toxbase
3. check pH
4. IRRIGATE with 2L saline
5. slit lamp exam

Question 14

why is cement dangerous for eyes?

Answer 14

contains lime with is v alkali