Week 2 (The Nervous System)

Question 1

Neuropsychology

Answer 1

Study of brain damage (long history)

Question 2

EEG

Answer 2

Measures the electrical activity in the brain, establishes WHEN activity occurs.
EEG during sleep: Different parts of the brain are associated with different sleep stages.
Event related potentials (ERPs) : measure activity in response to a specific stimulus.

Question 3

PET

Answer 3

Positron Emission Tomography: Where activity happens (Not too precise)

Question 4

fMRI

Answer 4

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Measures blood flow in the brain during a mental activity

Question 5

MEG

Answer 5

Magnoencephalography: Where and when activity happens

Question 6

TMS

Answer 6

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: Stimulation (increase or decrease) of brain activity in a specific region of the brain.
Establishes the role of different brain regions in psychological functioning – where in the brain activity occurs

Question 7

Neuron & it’s structure

Answer 7

Structure: Building block of the nervous system
Function: Basic information processing unit

Question 8

Neuron as a processing unit

Answer 8

Receives info from other neurone in the INPUT ZONE, Sums up all received info in the INTEGRATION ZONE, Conducts all info via electrical activity in the CONDUCTION ZONE, Passes on info to other neurones at the OUTPUT ZONE.

Question 9

Types of Neurons

Answer 9

Sensory: Carry information from the body to the spinal cord and the brain
Motor: Carry information from the nervous system to the muscles and internal organs
Interneuron: Receive information from neurons and pass it on to other neurons

Question 10

Glial Cells & Main types

Answer 10

Astrocytes: Nutrition, link between neuron and blood vessels but Edam (swelling) when injured
Microglia: “clean-up crew”, remove debris from damaged/dead cells but: Alzheimers
Olygodendrocytes: Myelination in the central nervous system
Schwann Cells: Myelination in the peripheral nervous system

Question 11

Structure of Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 11

Made up of the Somatic, Autonomic and Enteric

Question 12

Somatic Nervous sytem: Structure & Functions

Answer 12

Enables interaction between us and the environment
-It connects the brain to the sensory organs to receive incoming information (afferent pathways)
-It connects to brain to the muscles to produce movement (efferent pathways)

The SNS Consists of

12 pairs of cranial nerves
31 pairs of spinal nerves

Question 13

Autonomic Nervous System: Structure & Key Functions

Answer 13

Regulates internal organs
-Two parts
-Sympathetic: fight or flight, prepares the body for action (increased heart rate and blood pressure, pupil dilation.
-Parasympathetic: rest and digest