Week 1 (Approaches in Biology)

Question 1

Somatic Intervention

Answer 1

Manipulation of the brain to change behaviours (apply stimulation to move limbs)

Question 2

Behavioural Intervention

Answer 2

Manipulation of behaviour to change the brain (experience changes size of different brain areas)

Question 3

Brain and Body Covariation

Answer 3

Parallel changes in Brain and Behaviour (Severity of disorder and size of brain change)

Question 4

Phrenology

Answer 4

The study of the conformation of the skull (bumps) as indicative of mental faculties and traits of character (19th Century)

Question 5

Mentalism

Answer 5

The theory that a soul produces behaviour

Question 6

Dualism (Descartes)

Answer 6

Body and Brain = machines producing motion, breathing
A nonmaterial mind produces rational behaviour
Mind + Body =. Person

Tests of existence of mind

Language test: Describe things that are not physically present.

Action test: Display rational behaviour (not automatic response to a situation)

Question 7

Materialism

Answer 7

-Behaviour is produced by the nervous system
-Contemporary psychology & neuroscience
- Measurable descriptions of behaviour can be referenced to the activity of the brain
-Developments in biology, Darwin & Natural selection, Mendel and genetic inheritance, Epigenetics (differences in the gene expression due to environment)