WEEK 2 Scheme

Question 1

what is a leukopenia

Answer 1

a reduced white cell count

Question 2

what is the normal WBC count

Answer 2

4-10 wc/ml (most are neutrophils)

Question 3

what is it called when the wbc count is higher than 10

Answer 3

leukocytosis

Question 4

what is it called when the wbc count is less than 10

Answer 4

leukopenia

Question 5

what are the 2 main categories of leukopenia

Answer 5

neutropenia = decreased # neutrophils
Lymphopenia = decreased # of lymphocytes

Question 6

when circulating neutrophils are less than 1500 aka less than 1.5 neutrophils / mL what does that mean

Answer 6

neutropenia

Question 7

What are the common causes of neutropenia?

Answer 7

bacterial or fungal infections

Question 8

What are common caues of lymphopenia

Answer 8

viral infections

Question 9

what does lymphopenia mean

Answer 9

circulating lymphocytes are less than 1500

Question 10

what does leukocytosis mean

Answer 10

circulating neutrophils are higher than 7000. The increased number of neutrophils is due to infection of inflammation

Question 11

what does leukemoid reaction mean

Answer 11

the degree of wbc is so high that it starts to look like a leukemia, but it is not an actual leukemia

Question 12

clonal elevations in wbc’s are called

Answer 12

leukemias

Question 13

acute leukemias involve what kind of cells

Answer 13

blasts (immature cells) they affect children and the elderly and have short and drastic life course

Question 14

what kind of cells are involved in chronic forms of leukemia

Answer 14

proliferation of mature cells, affect people in mid life and have a longer less devastating course

Question 15

what can increased basophils on blood smear indicate

Answer 15

chronic myeloid leukemia

Question 16

the risk of infection increases when the absolute neutrophil count is less than…

Answer 16

1000

Question 17

what is benign essential neutropenia

Answer 17

affects 40% of people of African origin . mild neutropenia without any symptoms

Question 18

a person has a leukocytosis with mostly neutrophils what is likely they cause of the infection

Answer 18

bacterial infection or corticosteroid therapy this is known as a left shift

Question 19

a person has a leukocytosis with mostly lymphocytes what is likely they cause of the infection

Answer 19

viral

Question 20

a person has a leukocytosis with mostly eosinophils what is likely the cause of the infection

Answer 20

fungal infections

Question 21

why is neutrophilia accompanied by fever

Answer 21

due to the release of leukocyte pyrogens

Question 22

what is a characteristic feature of reactive neutrophilia

Answer 22

shift to the left

Question 23

anytime basophilia is present, what leukemia should we consider?

Answer 23

chronic myloid leukimia