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Unit 4 > Hemopoeisis > Flashcards

Hemopoeisis Flashcards

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1
Q

blood is a connective tissue t/f

A

true, Blood is a specialized connective tissue that consists of cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets) and a fluid component called plasma.

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2
Q

what kind of cells make up blood

A

(erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets)

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3
Q

what is the volumen of blood in an avg adult human

A

The volume of blood in an average human adult is approximately 5 L.

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4
Q

Does blood circulate in an open or closed system

A

Blood circulates in a closed system of vessels and transports nutrients, waste products, hormones, proteins, ions, oxygen, carbon dioxide and formed elements

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5
Q

what does hemopoiesis refer to

A

Blood cells have short life spans and are continuously replaced by a process called hemopoiesis.

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6
Q

List granulocytes

A

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils

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7
Q

List agranulocytes

A

Lymphocytes

Monocytes

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8
Q

List where hemopoeisis takes place in the fetus

A

Fetal life:
Yolk sac ( 3 weeks)
Liver + Spleen (3-4 months)
Bone marrow (5 to 7 months)

“Young Liver Synthesizes Blood”

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9
Q

Where does hemopoeisis take place in an adult

A

axial skeleton

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10
Q

Describe yellow marow.

Where is it located? What is its composistion?

Is it hemopoitic?

A

Located in the long bones of adults and is highly infiltrated with fat. It is not hemopoietic, but it has the potential to become so if necessary.

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11
Q

where is red marrow located? what is its compostion

A

Located in the epiphyses of long bones and flat bones, irregular, and short bones .

It is highly vascular and composed of a stroma, irregular sinusoids, and islands of hemopoietic cells.

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12
Q

red marrow is the site of what

A

Red marrow is the site of blood cell differentiation and maturation.

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13
Q

what are the largest cells of bone marrow?

A

The largest cells of bone marrow are the Megakaryocytes, precursors of platelets.

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14
Q

Where is the bone marrow aspiration site?

A

Bone marrow aspiration site: Iliac crest ( preferred), sternum.

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15
Q

What does Aplastic anemia/pancytopeniarefer to?

A

Aplastic anemia/pancytopenia: bone marrow failure

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16
Q

Progenitor cells are termed ______?

A

Progenitor cells are termed colony forming units (CFU). They form colonies in tissue culture

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17
Q

what are reticulocytes

A

immature RBC’s

18
Q

increased reticulocyte count is associated with

A

An increased count is seen with acute blood loss / hemolysis.

19
Q

a low reticulocyte count is associated with

A

A low count in the presence of anemia indicates in bone marrow failure.

20
Q

where is erythropoietin produced

A

in the kidney

21
Q

what 3 things are needed for erythropoeitin

A

Folic acid + Vitamin B12 + Iron

22
Q

what condition can develop if kidney failure occurs

A

In renal failure: Anemia can develop

23
Q

Granulopoiesis is regulated by

A

Regulated by cytokines

24
Q

where is granulopoiesis derived from

A

Derived from Myeloblast

25
Q

what are immature cells called

A

Immature cells are called BAND cells or STAB cells

26
Q

does a left or right shift occur in granulopoiesis

A

left

27
Q

where are Kupffer cells located

A

Kupffer cells : in LIVER

28
Q

Where are Alveolar macrophages located

A

Alveolar macrophages : in lung, Dust cells

29
Q

where are microglia located

A

in the CNS

30
Q

Where are langerhans cells located

A

in the skin

31
Q

where are osteoclasts located

A

in bone

32
Q

wehre are mesangial cells located

A

in the kidney

33
Q

what is the function of platelets

A

they are necessary for blood clotting

34
Q

what is the time for maturation and circulation for RBCs

A

7-8 days maturation in marrow

120 days in circulation

35
Q

what is the time for maturation and circulation for lymphocytes

A

2-3 days maturation in marrow

Days to decades in circulation

36
Q

what is the time for maturation and circulation for Monocytes:

A

2-3 days in marrow

Most 16 hours; some years

37
Q

what is the time for maturation and circulation for Neutrophils

A

About 2 weeks in marrow

6-8 hours in circulation

38
Q

what is the time for maturation and circulation for Eosinophils:

A

About 2 weeks in marrow

8-12 hours

39
Q

what is the time for maturation and circulation for Basophils:

A

About 2 weeks in marrow

9-18 months

40
Q

what is the time for maturation and circulation for Platelets:

A

5 days in marrow

10 days in circulation

Unit 4 (6 decks)

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