Week 2- Proteins

Question 1

Large molecules are built from smaller subunits by the process of:

Answer 1

Polymerisation

Question 2

What are monomers for proteins?

Answer 2

Amino acids

Question 3

Define a monomer

Answer 3

The building blocks of polymers. A simple molecule or atom that bond together to form more complex structures

Question 4

What part of an amino acid determines which of the 20 amino acids it will be?

Answer 4

Side chains (R-groups)

Question 5

What do amino acid side chains have control over?

Answer 5

Influence protein structure and function, influence charge, and if theyre hydrophobic and hydrophilic

Question 6

What is a peptide bond, and what kind of bond does it have?

Answer 6

The glue that connects two amino acids together to form a strong and stable COVALENT chain. If this sequence continues it forms a polypeptide chain, forming 3D protein structures.

Question 7

What is the primary structure of a protein?

Answer 7

Sequence of amino acids

Question 8

What are two common secondary structures of proteins?

Answer 8

Alpha helix and beta pleated sheet formed by hydrogen bonding

Question 9

How do you identify when a protein begins and ends?

Answer 9

Starts at the N-terminus (amine group) and ends at the C-terminus (carboxyl group of the last amino acid)

Question 10

What are the 8 functions of proteins?

Answer 10

Receptor, structural, storage, transport, hormones, movement, enzymatic, defense

Question 11

What 3 things determine protein conformation (shape)?

Answer 11

Amino acid sequence, chemical conditions (environment, temperature, salt concentration), things that bind the protein (presence of co-factors, co-enzymes)