Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroscience > Week 2 (L4 and L5) > Flashcards

Week 2 (L4 and L5) Flashcards

1
Q

T/F- High magnification but low resolution is preferred in imaging.

A

false- high magnification and high resolution is preferred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The spatial resolution of conventional light microscopes is governed ultimately by ________, the spatial resolution of electron microscope is determined by the _________.

A) Frequency of visible light, wavelenght of electron beam
B) Wavelenght of visible light, Wavelenght of electron beam
C) Frequency of visible light, Frequency of electron beam
D) Wavelenght of visible light, frequency of electron beams

A

B) Wavelenght of visible light and electron beam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

EEG has ____ temporal resolution and ___ spatial resolution

A) High, low
B) Low, high
C) high, high
D) low, low

A

A) High temporal resolution and low spatial resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In stimulated emission depletion (STED) methods, super resolution is achieved by?

A

narrowing the point spread function the diffraction disc (Airy disc) by using a laser to precisely deactivate the outmost portion of the disc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Microelectrodes have a ______ spatial resolution and ____ temporal resolution

A) High, low
B) Low, high
C) high, high
D) low, low

A

C) microelectrodes have high spatial and high temporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which of the measurements of brain function has the lowest temporal resolution?

A

PET scan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q 
Which of the following methods is the most invasive?
 A) PET
B) CAT
C) MRI
D) Microelectrode
A

A) Pet ccan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T/F- CAT scan has high levels of spatial resolution

A

False- poorest level of spatial resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do CT scans work briefy?

A

X-ray detectors positioned around circumference of scanner collect attenuations from different angles. A computer reconstructs image of eah slice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q 
MRI works by mapping the density of \_\_\_\_\_\_ 
A) Hydrogen
B) Water
C) Tissue
D) Proton
A

B) water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Basal state of fMRi has _____ levels of Hbr and a ______ MRI signal

A) basal, normal
B) high, normal
C) basal, high
D) low, high

A

A) basal and normal MRI signal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Activated state of fMRi has _____ levels of Hbr and a _____ MRI signal

A) basal, normal
B) high, normal
C) basal, high
D) low, high

A

D) Low levels of Hbr and high MRi signal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

fMRi has _____ levels of spatial resolution.

A

High levels of spatial resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are some limitations of fMRI?

A

doesnt measure neuronal activity directly and is blind to details such as how many neurons are firing, or whether firing in one region amplifies or dampens activity in neighbouring areas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

MEG provides ____ information whereas MRi fusion provides ____ information.

A) spatial, functional
B) spatial, temporal
C) functional, spatial
D) functional, temporal

A

C) MEG provides functional info whereas MRI fusion provide the spatial info.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are 8 integrated steps of the construction of the NS system?

A

1) Neural induction
2) neurulation
3) morphogenesis and patterning of neural tube
4) neurogenesis
5) neuronal migration
6) axon growth and dendritic arborization
7) synaptogenesis
8) Gliogensis/Myelination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The entire CNS is formed from?

A

Neural plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Epidermal fate is determined by ___ signalling

A) BMP
B) Noggin
C) morphogenic
D) PBM

A

A) BMP signalling

19
Q 
Blocking of \_\_\_\_ signalling induces neural fate
A) BMP
B) Noggin
C) morphogenic
D) PBM
A

A) BMP signalling

20
Q

what are the 3 steps of the formation of the neural tube?

A

1) elevation of neural folds
2) neural folds fuse in dorsal midline
3) neural tube pinched off from epidermis

21
Q

Neural tube zips up _____ from initial points of closure

A) unidirectionally
B) bi-directinally
C) tri-directionally
D) None of the above

A

B) bi-directionally

22
Q

What are some of the structures that neural crest gives rise to?

A

Peripheral and ENS ganglia, melanocytes, schwann cells, cartilage and bone

23
Q

At the rostral end of neural tube, 3 distinct vesicles form. What are they?

A

forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain

24
Q

The forebrain splits into?

A

Telencephalon and diencephalon

25
Q

The hindbrain splits into?

A

Metencephalon and Myelencephalon

26
Q

Dorsal part of neural tube induces the ______ and the ventral part of neural tube induces the ______

A) Roof plate, Floor plate
B) Floor plate, Roof plate
C) Morphogens, Wnts
D) Wnts, Morphogens

A

A) Roof and floor plate

27
Q

Why does the neuro-epithelium appear multilayered?

A

nucleus and cell body move to different positions along the apical-basal axis w/ different phases of cell cycle

28
Q

T/F- Neuroepithelial and radial glial cells are multipotent neural progenitor cells

A

True

29
Q

Neuroepithelial cell division gives rise to two neurons. What type of cell division is this called?

A

Symmetrical division

30
Q

Radial glial cell division gives rose to another radial glial cell and a differentiated neuron. What is this division called?

A

Asymmetrical divsion

31
Q

T/F- Radial glia also provide a scaffold for radial migration

A

True

32
Q

The order of cortical layer formation is ______

A

inside out

33
Q

The earliest neurons to be born form the preplate. The preplate is split into ____ and ____ as the first wave of cortical plate neurons arrive.

A

Marginal zone (MZ) and Subplate (SP)

34
Q

What does an inside out cortical layer formation mean?

A

deepest cellular layers are assembled first and those closest to the surface first.

35
Q

Cortical interneurons are produced in?

A) basal midbrain
B) basal forebrain
C) basal hindbrain
D) basal cerebellum

A

B) basal forebrain

36
Q

T/F- Production of neurons and glia are controlled by the same transcriptional programs; each blocks each other

A

False- They are controlled by seperate transcriptional programs

37
Q

Pyramidal neurons are _____ long range projection neurons whereas interneurons are locally projecting ____ neurons that modulate cortical excitatory output

A) inhibitory, excitatory
B)inhibitory, inhibitory
C) excitatory, inhibitory
D) excitatory,, excitatory

A

C) Pryamidial neurons are excitatory, interneurons are locally inhibitory neurons

38
Q

T/F- Dendritic spines are sites of excitatory synaptic output

A

True

39
Q

growth and branching of dendritic arbour is influenced by environmental factors? What are they?

A

Local signals and active synapses

40
Q

Where does axon growth take place? What is this called?

A

Axon growth takes place at the highly motile tip of neurite. It is called growth cone

41
Q

What is the role of actin filaments in the growth cone?

A

regulate shape and direct growth of growth cone

42
Q

What is the role of microtubules in the growth cone?

A

Provide structural support to axon shaft

43
Q

T/F- Growth cone sense and integrates all attractive and repulsive signals

A

True

44
Q 
Ocular dominance columns are established \_\_\_\_\_\_
A) Prenatally 
B) Post natally
C) First 6 weeks of pregnancy
D) during zygote formation
A

B) Post natally

Neuroscience (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions