Week 2- Histology

Question 1

Describe the development of renal corpuscle

Answer 1

-Primitive renal tubule (which is derived from ureteric bud) is a blind ended tube which envelops growing glomerulus producing renal corpuscle

Question 2

What is the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle?

Answer 2

-Afferent and efferent arterioles which form the glomerulus

Question 3

What is the urinary pole of the renal corpuscle?

Answer 3

-Bowmans capsule

Question 4

What are the two layers of the bowmans capsule and what lies between them?

Answer 4

• Parietal and visceral

- Bowmans space

Question 5

What forms the filtration barrier of the renal corpuscle?

Answer 5

• Visceral layer of bowmans capsule (podocytes with foot processes)
• Fenestrated Capillary endothelium

Question 6

How are podocytes formed?

Answer 6

-Visceral layer of bowmans capsule wraps around capillary endothelium

Question 7

What is the function of the podocytes?

Answer 7

-To form filtration slits which overlap the fenestrated capillary

Question 8

What epithelia lines PCT?

Answer 8

-Simple cuboidal with brush border

Question 9

what is the longest most convoluted section of the nephron?

Answer 9

-PCT

Question 10

What are the 4 parts of the loop of henle?

Answer 10

• Pars Recta
• thin descending limb
• thin ascending limb
• thick ascending limb

Question 11

What epithelia lines thin limbs in loop of henle?

Answer 11

-Simple squamous

Question 12

What epithelia lines thick ascending limb in loop of henle?

Answer 12

-Simple cuboidal

Question 13

Where in the kidney is the DCT?

Answer 13

-Cortex

Question 14

What is special about the DCT epithelia?

Answer 14

-Contain numerous mitochondria for active transport

Question 15

What makes up the juxtaglomerulus apparatus?

Answer 15

• The macula densa of DCT
• Juxtaglomerular cells of afferent arteriole of parent glomerulus
• Extraglomerular mesangial cells (lacis cells)

Question 16

What is the macula densa?

Answer 16

-An area of dense cells which touch the parent afferent arteriole

Question 17

What is the histiological difference between CD and DCT tubules?

Answer 17

-CD lumen larger and more irregular

Question 18

What is the renal pyramid?

Answer 18

-organisation and merging of collecting ducts to form progressively larger ducts which empty into renal papilla

Question 19

Describe the muscular histology of the ureter

Answer 19

-A muscular tube which has two layers of smooth muscle with a third layer appearing in lower third

Question 20

What epithelium lines the ureter?

Answer 20

-Transitional

Question 21

Are the ureters capable of peristalsis?

Answer 21

-Yes

Question 22

What epithelium lines the bladder?

Answer 22

-Transitional

Question 23

How many layers of muscle does the bladder have?

Answer 23

-3

Question 24

What makes up a renal corpuscle?

Answer 24

• Glomerulus

- Bowman’s capsule

Question 25

Is the bladder covered by peritoneum?

Answer 25

-No (by adventitia)