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FNR lab cards > Week 2 herps: frogs and toads > Flashcards

Week 2 herps: frogs and toads Flashcards

1
Q

eastern spadefoot

A

SN: Scaphiopus holbrookii

spades on hind legs

Family: Scaphiopodida

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2
Q

American toad

A

SN: Anaxyrus americanus

warty skin, 1/2 warts per spot

Family: Bufonidae

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3
Q

Fowler’s toad

A

SN: Anaxyrus fowleri

paratoid glads and crainial crest touch
white belly, one spot
3 or more warts per spot

Family: Bufonidae

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4
Q

Blanchard’s cricket frog

A

SN: Acris blanchardi

smallest
backwards triangle between eyes

Family: Hylidae

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5
Q

eastern gray tree frog

A

SN: Hyla versicolor

large toe pads
camo like pattern
bright colors under hind legs

Family: Hylidae

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6
Q

spring peeper

A

SN: Pseudacris crucifer

x-mark on back
small

Family: Hylidae

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7
Q

western chorus frog

A

SN: Pseudacris triseriata

3 stripes, head to back
small toe pads

Family: Hylidae

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8
Q

green frog

A

SN: Lithobates clamitans

green/brown
dorsolateral ridges that end before groin

Family: Ranidae

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9
Q

American bullfrog

A

SN: Lithobates catesbeianus

no dorsal ridges
ridge from tympanam to shoulder

Family: Ranidae

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10
Q

nothern leopard frog

A

SN: Lithobates pipiens

dorsolateral ridge from eye to groin
dark spots with light border

Family: Ranidae

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11
Q

wood frog

A

SN: Lithobates sylvaticus

dark mask on face
dorsal ridges

Family: Ranidae

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12
Q

mink frog

A

SN: Lithobates septentrioralis

extreme mottled coloring
elongated leg spots

Family: Ranidae

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13
Q

Order: Caudata

A

all salamanders

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14
Q

hellbender

A

SN: Cryptobranchus alleganiensis
Family: Cryptobranchidae
wrinkled skin flaps
no external gills
big boy

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15
Q

lesser siren

A

SN: Siren intermedia
Family: Sirenidae
eel-like body
no back legs
external gills

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16
Q

Order: Caudata
Family: Ambystomatidae

A

Costal grooves
stout heads
protruding eyes

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17
Q

Jefferson salamander

A

SN: Ambystoma jeffersonianum
Family: Ambystomatidae
long toes
wedge snout
silver/blue specks on side

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18
Q

spotted salamander

A

SN: Ambystoma maculatum
Family: Ambystomatidae
black with 2 rows of yellow spots

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19
Q

marbled salamander

A

SN: Ambystoma opacum
Family: Ambystomatidae
white dorsal bands
stout body
black on sides and belly

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20
Q

eastern tiger salamander

A

SN: Ambystoma tigrinum
Family: Ambystomatidae
irregular yellow spots
spots on sides and belly
large lidded eyes

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21
Q

mudpuppy

A

SN: Necturus maculosus
Family: Proteidae
all feet have 4 toes
external gills
all 4 legs

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22
Q

Order: Caudata
Family: Plethodontidae

A

nasolabial grooves
costal grooves

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23
Q

northern dusky salamander

A

SN: Desmognathus fuscus
Family: Plethodontidae
hind limbs stouter
keeled tail
mottled belly

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24
Q

southern two-lined salamander

A

SN: Eurycea cirrigera
Family: Plethodontidae
small/thin
2 dark lines with light dorsal stripe in the middle

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25
Q

Cave salamander

A

SN: Eurycea lucifuga
Family: Plethodontidae
tail longer than body
orange with black dots

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26
Q

Eastern red-backed salamander

A

SN: Plethodon cinereus
Family: Plethodontidae
salt/peppered body
red or lead back

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27
Q

northern zigzag salamander

A

SN: Plethodon dorsalis
Family: Plethodontidae
mottled orange/red belly
zigzag dorsal stripe

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28
Q

eastern newt

A

SN: Notophthalmus viridescens
Family: Salamandridae
granular skin
small black spots
finned tail

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29
Q

Order: Crocodylia

A

4 chamber heart
dorsal/ventral armor

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30
Q

American crocodile

A

SN: Crocodylus acutus
Family: Crocodylidae
long, narrow snout
overbite
not all top and bottom teeth fit in mouth

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31
Q

American alligator

A

SN: Alligator mississippiensis
Family: Alligatoridae
broad, rounded snout
all lower teeth fit in mouth

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32
Q

Order: Testudines

A

all turtles

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33
Q

snapping turtle

A

SN: Chelydra serpentina
Family: Chelydridae
large head, hooked jaw, saw toothed tail

34
Q

Order: Testudines
Family: Kinosternidae

A

barbels on chin/throat
hinged plastrons
mud/musk turtles
little fucked up guys

35
Q

eastern mud turtle

A

SN: Kinosternon subrubrum
Family: Kinosternidae
2 transversal hinges
oval dome
triangular scute

36
Q

eastern musk turtle

A

SN: Sternotherus odoratus
Family: Kinosternidae
1 transversal hinge
squarish pectoral scute
3 ridges on shell

37
Q

Order: Tesudines
Family: Emydidae

A

basking
aquatic or semi aquatic

38
Q

painted turtle

A

SN: Chrysemys picta
Family: Emydidae
unkeel carapace
yellow and red stripes on neck
red bars on marginal scutes

39
Q

spotted turtle

A

SN: Clemmys guttata
Family: Emydidae
yellow spots on back/head/legs
plastron is yellow with black on edges

40
Q

Blanding’s turtle

A

SN: Emydoidea blandingii
Family: Emydidae
light spots on carapace to form streaks and bars
bright yellow throat/chin

41
Q

northern map turtle

A

SN: Graptemys geographica
Family: Emydidae
yellow spot behind eye
map like markings
wavey lines on head

42
Q

eastern box turtle

A

SN: Terrapene carolina
Family: Emydidae
high domed slightly keeled
plastron with broad hinge
4 toes on each hind foot

43
Q

ornate box turtle

A

SN: Terrapene ornata
Family: Emydidae
high dome, no keel
ornate yellow lines raining down
down turned beak

44
Q

red-eared slider

A

SN: Trachemys scripta
Family: Emydidae
red stripe behind eye
rear scutes slightly serrated
head, neck, legs with yellow stripes

45
Q

eastern spiny softshell

A

SN: Apalone spinifora
Family: Trionychida
long snout
leathery skin
pancake boy

46
Q

Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes

A

all snakes

47
Q

Order: Squamata
Family: Colubridae

48
Q

North American racer

A

SN: Coluber constrictor
Family: Colubridae
belly white/blue
dark around eyes
chin and throat white

49
Q

gray ratsnake

A

SN: Pantherophis spiloides
Family: Colubridae
checkerboard belly
slightly keeled sides
plain, black, skinny

50
Q

western foxsnake

A

SN: Pantherophis vulpinus
Family: Colubridae
yellow with dark blotches
smaller blotches on sides

51
Q

smooth greensnake

A

SN: Opheodrys vernalis
Family: Colubridae
white/yellow ventral
green body

52
Q

gophersnake

A

SN: Pituophis catenifer
Family: Colubridae
yellowish with dark blotches
darker at ends of snake
pointed snout
keeled scales

53
Q

Order: Squamata
Family: Natricidae

A

wetlands
keeled scales
slender

54
Q

northern water snake

A

SN: Nerodia sipedon
Family: Natricidae
30 brown bands
light spaces less than 2.5 scales

55
Q

queensnake

A

SN: Regina septemvittata
Family: Natricidae
yellow stripe on side
4 dark belly stripes

56
Q

DeKay’s brownsnake

A

SN: Storeria dekay
Family: Natricidae
dark streak on head
2 rows of black spots
2 lines connecting dots

57
Q

common gartersnake

A

SN: Thamnophis sirtalis
Family: Natricidae
light belly
3 stripes on back
spots beneath ventral scales

58
Q

Order: Squamata
Family: Dipsadidae

A

large, grooved teeth
oviparous
endemic to new world

59
Q

ring-necked snake

A

SN: Diadophis punctatus
Family: Dipsadidae

collar around neck
red/yellow/orange belly

60
Q

eastern hog-nosed snake

A

SN: Heterodon platirhinos
Family: Dipsadidae
upturned wedge snout
stout
squarish blotches

61
Q

Order: Squamata
Family: Viperidae

A

vipers, fangs, slit pupils

62
Q

copperhead

A

SN: Agkistrodon contortrix
Family: Viperidae

deep loreal pits between eye and nostril
hourglass like markings

63
Q

cottonmouth

A

SN: Agkistrodon piscivous
Family: Viperidae
dark, heavy body

64
Q

timber rattlesnake

A

SN: Crotalus horridus
Family: Viperidae

rattle on tail
stripes
small scales on head

65
Q

massasauga

A

SN: Sistrurus catenatus
Family: Viperidae

rattle on tail
rows of large black spots on back
small spots on sides

66
Q

Order: Squamata
Suborder: Lacertilia

A

all lizards

67
Q

green anole

A

SN: Anolis carolinensis
Family: Dactyloidae

long wedge snout
no crest or femoral pores
green to brown

68
Q

eastern collared lizard

A

SN: Crotaphytus collaris
Family: Crotophytidae

2 black stripes on neck
smooth small scales
femoral pores
back spots

69
Q

Order: Squamata
Family: Phrynsomatidae

A

desert species
morphologically diverse

70
Q

eastern fence lizard

A

SN: Sceloporus undulatus
Family: Phrynosomatidae

neck spines
blueish bellies
keeled dorsal scales

71
Q

horned lizards

A

SN: Phrynosoma spp.
Family: Phrynosomatidae

spikes on head
flat body
sharp dorsal projections

72
Q

gila monster

A

SN: Heloderma suspectum
Family: Helodermatidae

sausage tail
stout body

73
Q

six-lined racerunner

A

SN: Aspidoscelis sexlineata
Family: Teiidae

slender body
6/7 light stripes
more/smaller scales on back than belly

74
Q

Order: Squamata
Family: Scincidae

A

easily lost tail

75
Q

common five-lined skink

A

SN: Plestiodon fasciatus
Family: Scincidae

young: five lines+blue tail
4 labial scales, 2 post labial scales

76
Q

broad-headed skink

A

SN: Plestiodon laticeps
Family: Scincidae

large body
5 labial scales
no enlarged post labial scales

77
Q

little brown skink

A

SN: Scincella lateralis
Family: Scincidae

golden brown to blackish
white belly

78
Q

slender glass lizard

A

SN: Ophisaurus attenuatus
Family: Anguidae

79
Q

Order: Anura

A

All frogs and toads

80
Q

Order: Anura
Family: Bufonidae

A

toads but not spadefoot

81
Q

Order: Anura
Family: Hylidae

A

expanded toe pads
tree frogs

82
Q

Order: Anura
Family: Ranidae

A

water frogs

FNR lab cards (19 decks)

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