Week 2 Epidemiologic methods 1

Question 1

What is primary prevention

Answer 1

Preventing the disease before it occurs i.e. smoking cessation to prevent lung disease

Question 2

What is secondary prevention

Answer 2

Screening and diagnosis of disease i.e. mammograms

Question 3

What is tertiary prevention

Answer 3

Interventions to facilitate the rehabilitation of patients to the highest level of functioning while addressing risk factors i.e. cardiac rehab

Question 4

What must be considered about screening tests

Answer 4

Is it valid, reliable, cost-effective, and does it improve outcomes for patients?

Question 5

What is validity?

Answer 5

Based on specificity (ability to correctly identify those who do not have the disease) and Sensitivity (the ability of the test to correctly identify)

Question 6

Positive predictive Value (PPV)

Answer 6

Proportion of population that tests positive for disease that have disease

Question 7

negative predictive value

Answer 7

the proportion of the population that tests negative for the people that do not have the disease.

Question 8

External Validity

Answer 8

The generalizability of the results to other populations

Question 9

Reliable

Answer 9

The ability of test results being replicated if the test is repeated

Question 10

Probability

Answer 10

the study of laws of chance

Question 11

Sensitivity

Answer 11

Tests ability to yield a positive result when the person actually has the condition, disorder, or disease

Question 12

Specificity

Answer 12

Tests ability to yield a negative result when the person does not have the condition