Week 2 - Development Of The Urinary Tract Flashcards
Where do the kidney receive their arterial supply from?
Direct branch of abdominal aorta
What do the kidneys develop from?
Intermediate mesoderm
Where does the first kidney system appear?
Cervical region
What is the first kidney system called?
The pronephros
What is the second kidney system called?
Mesonephros
What is the third kidney system called?
Metanephris
What is the purpose of the pronephros?
No filtration function, pronephric duct which extends from the cervical region to the cloaca and drives the next developmental stage
What is the urogenital ridge?
Region of intermediate mesoderm giving rise to both the embryonic kidney and the gonad
What direction do the mesonephric tubules develop?
Caudal to pronephric region (up)
What makes up the embryonic kidney?
Mesonephric tubules and mesonephric duct
What does the mesonephris do?
Mesonephric duct sprouts uteric bud which induces development of definitive kidney, also have important role in development of reproductive system in males
How does the ureteric bud develop?
Contacts metanephric blastema, bud expands and branches and forms pelvis and major and minor calyxes, collecting system derived from bud itself, excretory component os derived from intermediate mesoderm but under the influence of the ureteric bud
How do the kidneys ascend?
Metanephric kidney first appears in the pelvic region, undergoes caudal to cranial shift
What is renal agenesis?
Where no kidney develops at all, caused by ureteric bud failing to interact with intermediate mesoderm
What is ectopic ureter?
Goes to wrong place e.g. Vagina
What causes duplication defects and ectopic kidneys?
Splitting of the ureteric bud (partial or complete)
What is the cloaca?
Where the gastrointestinal, urinary and reproductive tracts all end in early development
What is the urogenital sinus made from?
Created from hindgut by urorectal septum, continuous with umbilicus
What is the tube going from the umbilicus called?
Urachus
What is the urogenital sinus composed of?
Largest upper part - future bladder. Pelvic part and phallic part - both parts of future urethra
Describe the development of the mades bladder?
Mesonephric ducts reach urogenital sinus, ureteric bud sprouts from mesonephric ducts, smooth musculature begins to appear, urogenital sinus begins to expand, ureteric buds and mesonephric ducts make independent openings into urogenital sinus, prostate and preprostatic urethra forms
Describe the development of the bladder in females?
Mesonephric ducts reach urogenital sinus, ureteric bud sprouts from mesonephric ducts, urogenital sinus begins to expand, mesonephric ducts begin to regress, regression continues and ureteric bud opens into urogenital sinus
How is the female urethra formed?
By pelvic part of urogenital sinus
What are sections of the male urethra and what are they formed from?
Pre-prostatic, prostatic and membranous all formed by pelvic part of urogenital sinus, spongy part formed by phallic part of urogenital sinus
