Week 2: defintions Flashcards
Health equity
the absence of unfair systems and policies that cause health inequalities
health inequality
the differences in the health status of individuals and groups; are attributed to genes and to people’s personal choices
health disparties
health differences closely linked to social, economic, and/ or environmental disadvantages that adversely affect groups that have systematically experienced greater obstacles to health to health determinants results from economic and social policies, the term health inequalities rather than health inequalities or disparities, more accurately reflects the source and nature of health differences among people.
intersectionality
the interconnected nature of social categorizations such as race, class, and gender as they apply to given individual or group, regarded as creating overlapping and interdependent systems of discrimination of disadvantage
gender equality
the view that all people should be given equal treatment and not be discriminated against on the basis of their gender
cultural humility
a lifelong learning experience, value, or virtue that shapes character traits across the lifespan; refers to actions that demonstrate interpersonal respect and interpersonal reflection on one’s cultural assumptions and biases
cultural safety
: based on the premise that the term ‘culture’ is used in its broadest sense to apply to any person or group of people who may differ from the nurse/ midwife because of socio-economic status, age, gender, sexual orientation, ethnic origin, migrant/ refugee status, religious belief or disability
Involves considering the redistribution of power and resources in a relationship
communication
the means to establishing these helping-healing relationships
cultural conficts
when a nurse, patient and family have different values, exhibit different behaviours, conflicts may arise in the case of differences in beliefs and traditions
verbal communicaetion
entails the use of spoken or written words - code that conveys specific meaning through a combination of words (vocabulary/ denotative and connotative meaning/ pacing/ intonation/ clarity and brevity/ timing and relevance)
nonverbal communication
- Physical characteristics, facial expression, manner of dress and grooming, and adornments
- These factors help communicate physical well-being, personality, social status, occupation, religion, culture and self-concept
dementia
a gradual and progressive decline in mental processing ability that affects short-term memory, language, judgement, reasoning and abstract thinking
- Eventually affects long-term memory and the ability to perform familiar tasks.; some types of dementia are associated with changes in mood and behaviours
delirium
a medical emergency. It is characterized by acute an fluctuating onset of confusion, disturbances in attention, disorganized thinking, and/ or decline in consciousness
depression
a term used to describe presence of a cluster of depressive symptoms on most days, most of the time, for at least 2 weeks, and when the intensity of the symptoms is out of the ordinary for that person
- A biological based illness that affects a person’s thoughts, feelings, behaviour and even their physical health
Alzheimer’s
: generalized impairment of intellectual funcitons: gradual deterioration
(warning signs):
- memory loss affecting day-to-day abiliites
- difficulty performing familar tasks (ADLs)
- problems with language
- disorientation in time and space
- impaired judgement
- problems with abstract thinking
- misplacing things
- changes in mood/ behaviour
- changes in personality
(Mini-mental (MMSE) score of 23 or less = cognitive impairement)
trauma informed practice
: a way of providing health and care that acknowledge how trauma can affect people
- A strengths-based framework grounded in an understanding of and responsiveness to the impact of trauma
autonomy
independence or freedom as of the will or one’s actions - the autonomy of the individual
Denotative meaning of a word
its literal definition, or the meaning that is found in a dictionary
Connotative meaning of a word
the feeling or idea that people associate with it, in addition to its literal meaning
aphasia
a language disorder caused by damage to parts of the brain that control speech and understanding of language
Prefix- hypo
- “beneath or below” e.g. hypodermis
- Less than normal e.g. hypoglycemia
Prefix- hyper
above or beyond/ above normal
implicit bias
: induces the subconscious feelings, attitudes, prejudices, and stereotypes an individual has developed due to prior influences and imprints throughout their lives
- Individual are unaware that subconscious perceptions, instead of facts and observations, affect their decision-making
explicit bias
the attitudes and beliefs we have about a person on a conscious level
perceptual bias
a cognitive bias that occurs when we subconsciouly draw conclusions based on what we expect to see or experience
