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Biological Bases of Behaviour > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is neuropsychology?

A

The study of the biology in the brain through brain damage

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2
Q

What is an EEG?

A

Measuring the electrical activity in the brain

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3
Q

What does EEG stand for?

A

Electroencephalography

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4
Q

What is a PET scan? (2)

A

Method of neuroimaging Detect radiation in the brain

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5
Q

What is an fMRI?

A

Method of neuroimgaging

measures blood flow in the brain during a mental activity

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6
Q

What does fMRI stand for?

A

functional Magnetic Resonance imaging

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7
Q

What is a MEG? (2)

A

Modern method of neuroimaging

Combines PET and fMRI scans

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8
Q

What does MEG stand for?

A

Magnetencephalography

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9
Q

What is a TMS?

A

Pulses a specific region of the brain causing a reactive behaviour

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10
Q

what does TMS stand for?

A

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

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11
Q

What is a neuron? (2)

A

The basic unit of the nervous system (nerve cells)

Transmit electrical I,pulses

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12
Q

what is the structure of a neuron? (3)

A

Cell body
Dendrite (receptive cells)
Axons (transmitting extension)

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13
Q

What is the neuron doctrine?

A

Concept that the nervous system is made up of discrete individual cells
- proposed Ramon y Cajal

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14
Q

What is an axon? (2)

A

A single extension from the nerve cell That carries action potentials From the fell body to other neurons
Called the conduction zone because it absorbs all info and relays it to other parts of the body

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15
Q

what is a dendrite?

A

One of the extensions of the cell body That are the receptive services of the neurons

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16
Q

What is a synapse?

A

the tiny gap between neurons where information is passed from one to another

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17
Q

what are the components of a synapse?

A
  • the presynaptic ending
  • the synaptic cleft
  • the postsynaptic ending
18
Q

what are the components of a synapse? (3)

A
  • the presynaptic ending
  • the synaptic cleft
  • the postsynaptic ending
19
Q

What does the presynaptic ending contain?

A

neurotransmitters

20
Q

Where is the synaptic cleft?

A

between the 2 nerve cells

21
Q

what does the postsynaptic ending contain?

A

receptor sites

22
Q

What are the 3 types of neurons?

A

-sensory
-motor
Inter

23
Q

What does the sensory neuron do?

A

Carries info from the body to the spinal cord and the brain

24
Q

what does the motor neuron do?

A

Carry info from the nervous system To the internal organs And muscles

25
Q

what does the interneuron do?

A

Receive info from neurons and passes on to other neurons

26
Q

What are glial cells?

A

Nonneuronal brain cells That provide structural, nutritional and other types of support to the brain

27
Q

what are the main glial cells? (4)

A
  • astrocytes
  • microglia
  • Schwann cell
  • olygodendrocytes
28
Q

What are astrocytes?

A

Star shaped glial cells with numerous processes that run in all directions

29
Q

What are Schwann cells?

A

A glial cell that forms myelin in the peripheral nervous system

30
Q

what is microglia?

A

Extremely small glial cells that remove cellular debris from damaged or dead cells

31
Q

what are olygodendrocytes?

A

A type of glial cell that forms myelin in the central nervous system

32
Q

What is the structure of the peripheral nervous system? (3)

A

autonomatic
Somatic
Enteric

33
Q

What is the function of the somaTic nervous system?

A

Produces movements

34
Q

What is the structure of the somatic nervous system?

A

Controlled by the afferent and efferent pathways

35
Q

WhT is the afferent pathway?

A

sensory pathway in the somatic nervous system

36
Q

whT is the efferent pathway?

A

motor pathway in the somatic nervous system

37
Q

How many pairs of nerves are in the somatic nervous system?

A

43

38
Q

Of the 43 pairs of nerves in the somatic nervous system, what Nerves are they separated into?

A

Cranial and spinal merves

39
Q

What is the function of the autonomic nervous system?

A

Supplies neural connections to the glands and to smooth muscles of internal organs

40
Q

What is the structure of the autonomic nervous syte,?

A

further seperated into sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

41
Q

What does the sympathetic nervous system do?

A

Controls the internal organs to interact with the body

42
Q

what does the parasympathetic nervous system do?

A

Prepares the body to rest and relax

Biological Bases of Behaviour (6 decks)

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