Week 2 Flashcards
What is neuropsychology?
The study of the biology in the brain through brain damage
What is an EEG?
Measuring the electrical activity in the brain
What does EEG stand for?
Electroencephalography
What is a PET scan? (2)
Method of neuroimaging Detect radiation in the brain
What is an fMRI?
Method of neuroimgaging
measures blood flow in the brain during a mental activity
What does fMRI stand for?
functional Magnetic Resonance imaging
What is a MEG? (2)
Modern method of neuroimaging
Combines PET and fMRI scans
What does MEG stand for?
Magnetencephalography
What is a TMS?
Pulses a specific region of the brain causing a reactive behaviour
what does TMS stand for?
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
What is a neuron? (2)
The basic unit of the nervous system (nerve cells)
Transmit electrical I,pulses
what is the structure of a neuron? (3)
Cell body
Dendrite (receptive cells)
Axons (transmitting extension)
What is the neuron doctrine?
Concept that the nervous system is made up of discrete individual cells
- proposed Ramon y Cajal
What is an axon? (2)
A single extension from the nerve cell That carries action potentials From the fell body to other neurons
Called the conduction zone because it absorbs all info and relays it to other parts of the body
what is a dendrite?
One of the extensions of the cell body That are the receptive services of the neurons
What is a synapse?
the tiny gap between neurons where information is passed from one to another
what are the components of a synapse?
- the presynaptic ending
- the synaptic cleft
- the postsynaptic ending
what are the components of a synapse? (3)
- the presynaptic ending
- the synaptic cleft
- the postsynaptic ending
What does the presynaptic ending contain?
neurotransmitters
Where is the synaptic cleft?
between the 2 nerve cells
what does the postsynaptic ending contain?
receptor sites
What are the 3 types of neurons?
-sensory
-motor
Inter
What does the sensory neuron do?
Carries info from the body to the spinal cord and the brain
what does the motor neuron do?
Carry info from the nervous system To the internal organs And muscles
what does the interneuron do?
Receive info from neurons and passes on to other neurons
What are glial cells?
Nonneuronal brain cells That provide structural, nutritional and other types of support to the brain
what are the main glial cells? (4)
- astrocytes
- microglia
- Schwann cell
- olygodendrocytes
What are astrocytes?
Star shaped glial cells with numerous processes that run in all directions
What are Schwann cells?
A glial cell that forms myelin in the peripheral nervous system
what is microglia?
Extremely small glial cells that remove cellular debris from damaged or dead cells
what are olygodendrocytes?
A type of glial cell that forms myelin in the central nervous system
What is the structure of the peripheral nervous system? (3)
autonomatic
Somatic
Enteric
What is the function of the somaTic nervous system?
Produces movements
What is the structure of the somatic nervous system?
Controlled by the afferent and efferent pathways
WhT is the afferent pathway?
sensory pathway in the somatic nervous system
whT is the efferent pathway?
motor pathway in the somatic nervous system
How many pairs of nerves are in the somatic nervous system?
43
Of the 43 pairs of nerves in the somatic nervous system, what Nerves are they separated into?
Cranial and spinal merves
What is the function of the autonomic nervous system?
Supplies neural connections to the glands and to smooth muscles of internal organs
What is the structure of the autonomic nervous syte,?
further seperated into sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
What does the sympathetic nervous system do?
Controls the internal organs to interact with the body
what does the parasympathetic nervous system do?
Prepares the body to rest and relax
