Week 2 Flashcards
Hardware
Ports
Connection points that we can connect devices to that extend the functionality of our computer.
CPU
Central Processing Unit:
The brain of the computer. It does all the calculations and data processing.
RAM
Random Access Memory:
The computer’s short term memory | communicates a lot with the CPU
Hard Drive
Holds all of the computer’s data, which includes music, pictures, and applications.
Motherboard
Holds all the computer components in place and lets them communicate with each other.
Programs
Instructions that tell the computer what to do.
EDB
External Data Bus:
Row of wires that connect the parts of the computer (like the veins in our body)
Registers
Part of the computer processor | they are small memory spaces in the processor and can only hold single values | Can be 8bit, 16bit, 32but, and 64bit size
MCC
Memory Controller Chip:
Serves as the bridge between the CPU and the RAM
Address Bus
Connects the CPU to the MCC | allows the CPU to send the address of the data within the RAM so the MCC can find the requested data
Cache
Smaller than RAM and stores regularly used data for quick reference | three levels of cache: L1, L2, and L3
L1 cache
The smallest and fastest cache
Clock wire
Alerts the CPU it can start doing calculations
Clock Speed
The maximum number of clock cycles that the computer can handle in a certain time period | Ex: 3.40 gigahertz is 3.4 billion clock cycles per second
The names of the two types of CPU sockets
Land Grid Array (LGA)
Pin Grid Array (PGA)
What are the two chipsets of the motherboard?
The Northridge (more modern computers have integrated this chipset into the CPU) and the Southbridge
Peripherals
External devices we connect to our computer like a mouse, keyboard, and monitor
Expansion slots
Give the capability to increase the functionality of our computer
How many what goes into a what? (Different byte sizes)
8 bits = 1 byte 1,024 = 1 kilobyte 1,024 = 1 megabyte 1,024 = 1 gigabyte 1,024 = 1 terabyte
System on a chip (SoC)
Packs the CPU, RAM, and sometimes even the storage on to a single chip.
Transfer speeds of USB 2.0/3.0/3.1/etc?
2.0 - 480 MB/s
3.0 - 5 Gb/s
3.1 - 10 Gb/s
3.2 - 20 Gb/s
USB4 - 40 Gb/s (2019)
What is the difference between MB and Mb/s
MB is megabyte which is a unit of data storage
Mb/s is megabit per second, which is a unit of data transfer rate
How many types of HDMI cables are there now? What is the specification of each
Five (A, B, C, D, E)
- 0 specification - A/B
- 3 specification - C
- 4 specification - D/E
What will the computer do if it doesn’t recognize the display resolution of a projector? What is likely the issue?
It will default to a low resolution VGA display. The computer likely just needs the device driver installed from the manufacturer website.
