Week 2

Question 1

soft tissues injured with an inversion ankle injury

Answer 1

• Anterior talofibular ligament
• Calcaneofibular ligament
• Anterior tibiofibular ligament
• Posterior tibiofibular ligament

Question 2

Define erythema

Answer 2

Redness of skin

Question 3

Define ecchymosis

Answer 3

Discoloration/bruising

Question 4

Define edema

Answer 4

Swelling

Question 5

Define ankle mortise

Answer 5

Rectangular shaped joint formed by lateral malleolus, tibia, & medial malleolus around the talus

Question 6

Describe antalgic gait

Answer 6

Limp to avoid weight bearing, usually involves a longer time on one leg, & a swing

Question 7

Squeeze Test

Answer 7

• Compress tibia & fibula at mid-calf, checking for pain at syndesmosis—where tibia & fibula meet at ankle
• Pain = positive—indicates fracture or syndesmosis sprain (high ankle sprain)

Question 8

Ottawa ankle rules

Answer 8

ankle x ray is required if:

• bone tenderness to posterior edge or tip of lat malleolus
• bone tenderness to posterior edge or tip of medial malleolus
• inability to bear weight immediately and at ER for 4 steps

Question 9

mechanism of injury in ankle sprain

Answer 9

Inversion & plantar flexion

Question 10

physical findings in ankle sprain

Answer 10

• Pain, especially w/weight bearing
• Tenderness
• Swelling
• Bruising
• Restricted range of motion
• Instability in ankle
• Popping sensation or sound at time of injury

Question 11

progressive clinical presentation of an undiagnosed ankle fracture

Answer 11

↑ pain & swelling, ↓ range of motion, ↓ ability to bear weight, extension of swelling past affected site

Question 12

underlying pathophysiology of a fracture

Answer 12

• Muscles around fracture site contract to prevent movement of broken bone—guarding
• ↑↑ blood flow to fracture site of bone to support healing

Question 13

Occult fracture

Answer 13

hidden fracture on x-ray

Question 14

Weber B fracture of the ankle

Answer 14

fracture at level of syndesmosis

Question 15

X-ray views for suspected ankle fracture

Answer 15

Mortise view, Lateral view, AP view

Question 16

Define unstable joint

Answer 16

o Bones of the joint are not being held in the proper place as a result of bone or ligament pathology

Question 17

open-reduction with internal-fixation

Answer 17

o 2 part surgery

- Broken bone is reduced (put back into place)
     - Internal fixation is placed—screws, rods, etc. hold bone in place

Question 18

posterior splint and how it serves to protect an injured ankle

Answer 18

o Posterior splint provides immobilization to back of ankle—prevents dorsiflexion & plantarflexion