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Child Health > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Give some examples of health promotion GPs are involved in?

A

Screening
immunisations
neonatal earing screening
health visitor visit

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2
Q

At the 6-8 week GP screen, what will be discussed with the parents?

A 
Feeding of baby 
parental concerns?
development 
Physical - growth, head circumference etc 
Diagnses/ concerns 
Sleeping position
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3
Q

When should a child not be immunised?

A

If the have a fever

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4
Q

Up to what age can a child be seen at the paediatric outpatients?

A

14

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5
Q

Give examples of comon presenting complaints in children?

A 
Growth concerns 
UTI 
Constipation 
Headache
Abdominal pain 
Funny turns 
Heart murmur 
Food allergy/ intoleracne 
Is it asthma?
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6
Q

What are common minor abnormalities that a child may present with?

A

Head shape - excessive/ poor growth
skin lesions
feeding concerns

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7
Q

In an infant, what would sugest a renal tract abnormality?

A

Unusual organism causing a urinary tract infection

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8
Q

What treatment is required for constipation in children?

A

Laxatives
attention to food/ drink
toileting behavour advice

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9
Q

If a child presents with abdominal pain, what 2 diagnoses do you not want to miss and how would you test for them?

A

Coeliac disease - TTG

Inflammatory bowel disease - CRP and colonoscopy

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10
Q

With regard to a headache in an infant, what signs and symptoms would be concerning?

A 
Headaches on waking 
worse with coughing ot bending 
associated vomiting 
visual disturbance 
gait disturbance 
head tilt 
cranial nerve palsy
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11
Q

When assessing a funny trn what should you ask the parent to do if it happens again?

A

Video it

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12
Q

What are worrying signs if an infant presents with a cardiac murmur?

A

Breathless or blue

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13
Q

Give some differences comparing the childs anatomy to adult anatomy.

A

Infants have a relatively large head and prominent occiput
High anterior larynx
floppy epiglottis
more flexible ribs
sitting height proportionally more
relatively large surface area compared to volume

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14
Q

If a child is septic, what sort of treatment is required?

A

Supportive and antimicrobial

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15
Q

Which virus causes bronchiolitis?

A

RSV

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16
Q

What kind of treament is required for croup?

A

Steroid treatment

17
Q

Describe the rash in meningitis?

A

Non-blanching haemorrhagic rash

18
Q

What investgations are required for suspected meningitis?

A

Lumbar puncture and imaging

19
Q

What can cause a GI obstruction in an infant?

A

Congenital pyloric stenosis
volvulus
intussusception
malrotation

20
Q

What is the most common cause of the acute abdomen in an older child?

A

Appendicitis

21
Q

What is the most common arrythmias seen in children?

A

SVT

22
Q

Define the <5 mortality rate.

A

Number of children who die before completing 5 years of age per 1000 live births in a country or community

23
Q

Why is the <5 mortality rate so important?

A

Measure of development of countries and the welfare of children

24
Q

What are the 5 most common causes of death in <5 years in developing countries?

A 
Pneumonia 
Preterm birth complications 
Intrapartum related complications 
Diarrhoea 
Malaria
25
Q

List the factors which affect child health globally.

A 
Economic 
political 
social 
scientific 
technological factors
26
Q

What % of deaths of children in 2012 were cause by a preventable disease or disease which is easily treated?

A

70%

27
Q

What value of child deaths are linked to malnutrition?

A

1/3rd

28
Q

Children in developing countries are how much more likely to die before the age of 5 than children in developed countries?

A

10 times more likely

29
Q

According to 2012 WHO statistics, what areas of the world show insufficient progress, no progress or reversal in terms of child mortality?

A

Sub-Saharan Africa down to South Africa
India
Middle east

30
Q

Define neonatal death.

A

Child dies before 28 days

31
Q

Define perinatal death.

A

death around the time of birth (including asphyxia and unexpected complications)

32
Q

Define post-neonatal death

A

number of infant deaths occurring between 28 days and 11 months of life

33
Q

Define infant mortality rate.

A

death of a child less than one year of age per 1000 live births

34
Q

Define childhood mortality.

A

Death of a child before the child’s 5th birthday

35
Q

What are the causes of stillbirths in the UK?

A

Abnormalities of the placenta
Premature birth
Antepartum haemorrhage
congenital abnormalities

36
Q

What is sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI)?

A

No clear cause of death from post-mortem

Child Health (3 decks)

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