Week 2

Question 1

According to Brooker, the trans-femoral amputee uses about how much more energy than the non-injured human?

Answer 1

50

Question 2

What are the sensing mechanisms relevant to locomotion?

Answer 2

Proprioception and mechanoreception

Question 3

A process in which a loop of muscle in the chest or arm is isolated and covered with skin, so that contraction of the muscle operates an attached prosthetic actuator is called?

Answer 3

Cineplasty

Question 4

One of the most successful prosthetic devices is the body-powered split hook, which has remained largely unchanged since it was patented in 1912. advantages of this device include;

Answer 4

simple and robust design, moderately low cost, and increased control due to proprioception

Question 5

According to Brooker, in Initial Swing phase of gait, the amputee must increase what muscle activity to accommodate the compromised function of the Gracilis and Sartorius

Answer 5

Increase hip-flexor muscles to lift the prosthetic foot

Question 6

According to Brooker, during initial swing, amputation loss of the popliteus, the short head of the biceps and the pretribial muscles;

Answer 6

eliminates active knee flexion in initial swing

Question 7

True or false: According to Brooker, during terminal swing, all prosthetic knees suffer from friction, which reduces angular acceleration of the knee during the advancement of the lower leg in swing phase.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

In the 1950’s, Hans Mauch introduced the fluid-controlled prosthesis, which;

Answer 8

Improves swing control and stance stability

Question 9

Osseointigration is the permanent incorporation of a nonbiological component into bone used to facilitate the skeletal anchoring of a prosthetic device. The threaded stud is inserted into the cavity of the amputated long bone. What material is this threaded stud made of?

Answer 9

Titanium

Question 10

A prosthesis that uses an additional energy supply for motion and control over and above that provided by muscle power from the user is known as;

Answer 10

Active

Question 11

According to Brooker in Chapter 10 of your readings, a prosthetic foot must;

Answer 11

All of these-ankle rollover, shock absorber, return as much energy as possible

Question 12

The Utah Arm is a good example of a two-site myoelectric control strategy. What switches the control from the hand or TD to the elbow?

Answer 12

fast co-contraction of both myoelectric channels

Question 13

Because of microprocessor technology, the Utah Arm 3 provides proportional control to the wrist and elbow and is capable of controlling how many separate actuation motions simultaneously?

Answer 13

2

Question 14

The Boston Elbow provides a torque of 14Nm and has a flexion time of 1.1 seconds and has an embedded DSP that can control how many devices in addition to the elbow?

Answer 14

4

Question 15

The “Luke Arm” developed by DEKA research and funded by DARPA has how many degrees of freedom (DOF)?

Answer 15

18

Question 16

John Hopkins University’s APL prosthesis has how many degrees of freedom (DOF)?

Answer 16

22

Question 17

Most prosthetics manufacturers conform to standard interfaces to allow users to mix and match components, what are the exceptions?

Answer 17

DEKA and APRL

Question 18

True or False: APL has made the virtual environment of it’s prosthetic platform open source

Answer 18

True

Question 19

The next generation of Otto Bock prosthesis uses a proprietary and encrypted digital communication standard called the;

Answer 19

Axon Bus

Question 20

The advantages of a conventional electric motor-driven prosthesis are;

Answer 20

None of these options

Question 21

What kind of control has since been introduced were the rate of control is proportional to the actuation signal amplitude and gives the TD more precision?

Answer 21

Proprotional control

Question 22

Which prosthetic hand is actuated through a simple two-electrode myoelectric interface that controls five individual fingers and has built in stall detection in each finger?

Answer 22

ILimb

Question 23

As the firing rate increases and as more fibers close to the surface are activated, the amplitude of the myoelectric signal picked up by a pair of surface electrodes;

Answer 23

Increases dramatically

Question 24

The most basic myoelectric control strategy is in which some action is taken if the envelope exceeds a set threshold and s known as a one-site system. It supports how many binary states?

Answer 24

Two

Question 25

True or False: Problems arise with high-level upper extremity amputees as more DOFs must be controlled with fewer available muscle sites.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Regarding high-level amputees, remaining muscle sites are not physiologically appropriate as they bear no natural relationship with the lost DOFs. How does the client control an upper extremity myoelectric prosthesis?

Answer 26

The amputee needs to develop a contrived suite of contractions to control the prosthesis

Question 27

Chapter 10 of the Introduction to Biomechatronics textbook outlines the various types of hands available to upper limb amputees. One of these hands is the i-Limb Hand which the author indicates is capable of which grip type?

Answer 27

Key, Power, Precision, Index

Question 28

Ohm’s law measures what?

Answer 28

Resistance

Question 29

A bit is a binary digit, taking a value of;

Answer 29

0, 1

Question 30

BIOS stands for

Answer 30

Basic Input Output system

Question 31

In computing, information is broken down into discrete units of data called;

Answer 31

Bit

Question 32

An important trend in the history of computer hardware: that the number of transistors that can be inexpensively placed on an integrated circuit is increasing is known as exponentially, doubling approximately every two years is known as;

Answer 32

Moore’s Law

Question 33

Contrary to traditional assumptions, the uniquely human faculty of reason (conscious, intelligent, rational thought) requires very little computation, but that the unconscious sensorimotor skills and instincts that we share with other animals require enormous computational resources. What is this idea called?

Answer 33

Morevec’s Paradox

Question 34

On an LED, the long connector represents what?

Answer 34

the anode

Question 35

A proposal for a test of a machine’s capability to demonstrate intelligence

Answer 35

Turing Test