WEEK 2 Flashcards
describe feedback
x2
- when feedback is given in an appropriate manner, motor skill acquisition improves significantly
- feedback is a major factor in the improvement of skill performance
what are the four advantages of ‘video feedback’
1- low cost therefore more accessible
2- common and has the ability to share footage
3- enhanced observation capacity, meaning you can give better feedback to your athlete
4- your athlete can see what you are also seeing
what are the 3 disadvantages of ‘video feedback’
- delay in feedback until the activity is over
- athlete can’t control the feedback or info that has been received
- the info that is available may exceed the athletes processing ability
how is a coach different from a sport scientist
a coach guides the process of an athlete with visual feedback whereas a sport scientist guides the coach on the process and provide expert evaluation
what are the 3 main video cameras and briefly describe them
1) domestic cameras
- off the shelf cameras that are ready for filming
eg iPhone
2) professional
- amateur film maker type cameras
3) high speed cameras
- ability to see high speed footage of moments
describe the type of camera PAL/NTSC (x4)
- 25 frames
- affordable
- high speed shutter
- low light function
describe 2D analysis x3
1- planar single plane movement
2- camera is perpendicular to motion
3- perspective and parallax errors
what are the 3 recommendations for video basics
- for maximum accuracy, the video should be as large as possible
- enough space to record someone doing 2 or 3 steps for example
- the space the camera sees is called the FIELD OF VIEW
define perspective error and describe how you overcome this
def= movement that is not along the photographic plane
- overcome this, zoom camera in and have the object further away so one foot isn’t bigger than the other
define parallax error
def= there was an error because we are not perpendicular to our acitivty
- putting something on an angle instead of it being straight
what is the frame rate for everyday filming, slow movements and fast movements
everyday filming= 24Hz, 0.04 sec
slow movements= 50-100Hz, 0.02-0.01 sec
fast movement= 100Hz, 0.01sec
define lighting
lighting requirements increase when filming with a high- speed camera or filming with a higher shutter
describe motion analysis
and what are the 5 factors it is used for
def= the description of movement
1) identifying movement parameters and deviations
2) describe positions and phases
3) explain causes, principles
4) predict effects, techniques
5) recommend physical or technical corrections
define movement
the phases and key points of interest
define body models and describe the 3 body models used
def= setting the extent of the analysis
1) point mass= the body mass is concentrated in a single point
2) rigid body= non- articulated body of rigid linked body segments
3) articulated body= system of linked body segments with a certain degree of movement
what is an advantage and dis of ‘ lab based quantitive analysis’
adv= controlled environment
dis= poor validity
what is an adv and dis of ‘ field based ( training/ competitive) quantitive analysis
adv= high validity
dis= uncontrolled environment
define a simulated competition
testing a group of athletes during a simulated competition at their training venue provides an ideal compromise in controlling these factors and deriving valid measures
define temporal measurement
smart speed, non linear timing gates
define a kinematic measurement
video, optical, infrared measuring systems, accelerometers, goniometers
define a motion artefact
the movement of markers/ sensors that are relative to the skeleton
define inertial sensors and what is an adv and dis of this
accelerometers and gyroscopes combined
adv: no environmental constraints eg lighting
dis: attached to single small locations meaning it can be susceptible to skin movement
define the electromagnetic tracking system and give an adv and dis
consists of transmitter and multiple receivers
low frequency field
adv: no occlusion problems
dis: limited capture volume
define electromyography
the measurement of physiological processes that cause the muscle to generate force , produce movement and perform countless functions
