Week 2

Question 1

What is Classification?

Answer 1

The process of categorizing psychological phenomena according to specific rules.

Question 2

What is the purpose of classification?

Answer 2

• Providing detailed descriptions
• Determining eligibility for services

Question 3

What are the key functions of diagnostic systems?

Answer 3

• Identifying service needs
• Determining treatment type and intensity
• Making placement decisions
• Enhancing communication among professionals

Question 4

What is the main diagnostic system used in schools?

Answer 4

Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA, 2004)

Question 5

Purpose of IDEA

Answer 5

Supports children with special needs in public schools.

Question 6

Key features of IDEA

Answer 6

• Most widely used classification system in schools.
• Determines eligibility for special education and services.
• Criticized for outdated conceptualization of disabilities.

Question 7

13 disability categories in IDEA

Answer 7

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Deaf-blindness
Deafness
Emotional disturbance
Hearing impairment
Intellectual disability
Multiple disabilities
Orthopedic impairment
Other health impairment (OHI)
Specific learning disability (SLD)
Speech or language impairment (SLI)
Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
Visual impairment (including blindness)

Question 8

Which version of DSM introduced empirical support for diagnostic criteria

Answer 8

Fourth Edition

Question 9

What did earlier versions of DSM rely on over empirical data?

Answer 9

Expert judgement

Question 10

Are IDEA and DSM categorical or dimensional systems?

Answer 10

Categorical

Question 11

Risk of categorical systems?

Answer 11

Oversimplifies complex conditions

Question 12

Key characteristics of Intellectual disabilities (ID)

Answer 12

• Often invisible, especially in mild cases.
• More severe cases remain hidden from public view.

Question 13

Definition of Intellectual Disability

Answer 13

Limitations in intelligence alongside deficits in adaptive behavior

Question 14

Onset of ID

Answer 14

Before 18

Question 15

Prevalence of ID

Answer 15

• Worldwide: ~1%
• U.S. (ages 3-17): ~0.7%

Question 16

What is intelligence and how is it measured?

Answer 16

• General mental capacity, including problem-solving, abstract thinking, learning.
• Measured by IQ tests, but not always a perfect indicator

Question 17

Adaptive behavior affects an individual’s ability to do what?

Answer 17

• Live independently
• Act socially responsible
• Perform daily activities