Week 2 Flashcards
What bones make up the shoulder region?
Clavicle, scapula, humerus
What is scapulohumeral rhythm?
Combined movement of the scapula and the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint
What are the two joints of the clavicle?
- Acromioclavicular (AC) = where the clavicle attaches to the scapula
- Sternoclavicular (SC) = where the clavicle meets the sternum
What movements can the scapula make?
Elevation and depression
Protraction and retraction
Upward rotation and downward rotation
What are the rotator cuff muscles?
- supraspinatus = abducts + lifts humerus
- subscapularis = medially rotates humerus
- infraspinatus = rotates humerus
- teres minor = rotates humerus
What are the clavicle ligaments?
Costoclavicular = stabilise the SC joint
Coracoclavicular = helps mechanical stress bypass the AC joint
What are the bony features of the shoulder region?
Greater tuberosity
Lesser tuberosity
Intertubercular groove
Humeral head
Surgical neck
Coracoid process
What is the acromion process?
A bony projection on the shoulder blade that helps stabilise the shoulder joint
Biceps Bracchi
Located on the anterior upper arm. Flexes the forearm
Deltoid
Superficial to the shoulder. Abducts the arm
Infraspinatus
Back of the scapula. Rotates the humerus and GH joint
Latissimus dorsi
Lower back and upper arm. Adducts, rotates, and extends the upper limb
Levator scapulae
Upper back and side of neck. Elevates the scapula
Pectoralis major
Upper chest. Adducts, flexes, and rotates the arm + stabilises the scapula
Pectoralis minor
Upper chest near the armpit. Below the pectoralis major, near the armpit. Stabilises the scapula.
Rhomboids
Upper back. Moves + stabilises the scapula. Helps with retraction, rotation, and elevation
Serratus anterior
Side of the chest. Pulls up the scapula
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
Front of the neck. Flexes and rotates the head.
Subclavius
Beneath the clavicle. Stabilises the clavicle
Subscapularis
Below the scapula. Medially rotates the humerus
Supraspinatus
Above the scapula. Helps lift and rotate the humerus.
Teres major
Along the scapula and humerus. Extends, rotates, and adducts the humerus.
Teres minor
On the posterior shoulder. Helps rotate the humerus and GH joint
Trapezius
Upper back, superficial to the rhomboid. Stabilises the scapula
Triceps bracchi
Anterior part of the upper arm. Extends the forearm
