Week 2 Flashcards
Etiology
The casual problem of abnormal behavior
Necessary Cause
a condition that must exist for a disorder to occur
Sufficient cause
A condition that guarantees the occurrence of a disorder (for example hopelessness about one’s future causes depression but it is not the only cause
Contributory causes
when a cause increases the probability of a disorder developing but it is neither necessary nor sufficient for the disorder to occur
Distal Causal factors
when a causal factor occurs early in life so the effects do not show up until later in life
Proximal Casual Factors
a causal factor that occurs shortly before the onset of a disorder
Reinforcing contributory cause
a condition that tends to maintain maladaptive behavior that is already occuring
Diathesis
a predisposition toward developing a disorder, vulnerability that can derive from biological psychological or sociocultural causal factors
Diathesis-Stress Models
a psychological theory that explains how a combination of a predisposition and stress can lead to a disorder
Stress
the response or experience of an individual to demands that he or she perceives as a taxing or exceeding his or her personal resources
Additive model
individuals who have a high level of diathesis may need to experience a low amount of stress before a disorder develops
Interactive model
the idea that some amount of diathesis must be present before stress will have any effect `
Protective Factors
influences that modify a person’s response to environmental stressors, making it less likely that the person will experience the adverse consequences of the stressors
Resilience
the ability to adapt successfully to even very stressful situations`
Genotype
a person’s total genetic makeup
