Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Motor Speech > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

zygomatic bones

A

attachment for different muscles that were in charge of mandibular movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

facial bones that house the brain in CNS

A

frontal, parietal, sphenoid, temporal, nasal, zygomatic bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

shallow cavities at base of skull (CNS)

A

-supratentorial level
-posterior fossa level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

supratentorial level

A

anterior and middle fossae
-optic and olfactory CN and this is accessible to neurologists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

posterior fossa level

A

the paired cranial nerves exit through the posterior and middle fossae foramina (holes) to innervate the speech muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what doe crude localizations of neurologic disease often refer to

A

lesions of supratentorial and posterior fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

3 protective layers of meninges

A

-dura, arachnoid, pia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

dura

A

outermost tough layer (blood and CSF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

arachnoid

A

loosely to brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pia mater

A

thin, innermost layer closely attached to brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

problems with meninges

A

: infection, vascular disorders, hydrocephalus, or trauma with hemorrhage and edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where is the cerebrospinal fluid produced

A

subarachnoid space and ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is cerebrospinal fluid

A

CSF cushions (shock absorber) the CNS from physical trauma and maintains a stable environment for neural activity
-circulates nutrients and chemicals filtered by the brain and filters waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

supratentorial level

A

hemispheres, lobes, basal ganglia, thalamus, cranial nerves I and II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

supratentorial: skeleton

A

skull (anterior and middle fossa)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

supratentorial: meninges

A

above tentorium cerebelli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

supratentorial: ventricular system

A

lateral and third ventricles, subarachnoid space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

supratentorial: vascular system

A

carotid arterial system, ophthalmic arteries, middle cerebral arteries, anterior cerebral arteries, vertebrobasilar system, posterior cerebral arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

motor speech disorders that are a result of supratentorial level

A

apraxia of speech, dysarthrias, spastic, hypo kinetic, and hyperkinetic dysarthrias, and unilateral UMN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

posterior fossa brainstem components

A

pons, medulla, midbrain, and cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

posterior fossa brainstem: skeleton

A

skull, posterior fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

posterior fossa brainstem: meninges

A

below fax cerebelli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

posterior fossa brainstem:

A

fourth ventricle, subarachnoid space
-inferior and superior colliculi which are relay systems for auditory and visual, white pathways, and reticular formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

if the patient is in a coma and struggles with respiration, issues with CNs where is this located

A

posterior fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

spinal level: skeleton

A

vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

spinal level: meninges

A

spinal meninges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

spinal level: ventricular system

A

spinal, subarachnoid space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

spinal level: vascular system

A

anterior spinal artery (sensory)
posterior spinal artery (motor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

motor speech disorders that are a result of spinal level

A

dysarthria, flaccid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

why are the spinal nerves important for speech

A

respiratory muscles are innervated by this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

peripheral (cranial and spinal nerves): skeleton

A

face and skull, non cranial and nonspinal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

where do the CN’s originate

A

brainstem and exit skull foramina

33
Q

where do spinal nerves originate

A

vertebral column

34
Q

peripheral: meninges

A

none

35
Q

peripheral: ventricular system

A

none

36
Q

peripheral: vascular system

A

branches of major extremity vessels

37
Q

motor speech disorders as a result of peripheral level

A

dysarthria, flaccid (injury)

38
Q

CN I: olfactory

A

originated in cerebral hemispheres
-smell

39
Q

CN II: optic

A

in diencephalon
-vision

40
Q

CN III: oculomotor

A

-in midbrain
-eye movements

41
Q

cranial nerves in charge of speech

A

V (trigeminal), VII (facial), X (vagus), XII (hypoglossal), IX (glossopharyngeal)

42
Q

CN IV: trochlear

A

enables eye movement in superior oblique muscle

43
Q

CN V: trigeminal

A

sensory and motor jaw movement
-face, mouth, jaw sensation

44
Q

CN VI: abducens

A

in pons
-eye movement

45
Q

CN VII: facial

A

-muscles of the face in charge of lip movement
-facial expression, saliva, taste anterior 2/3 of tongue

46
Q

CN VIII: vestibulocochlear

A

hearing and balance

47
Q

CN IX: glossopharyngeal

A

motor: pharyngeal musculature
sensory: posterior part of tongue, tonsil, pharynx

48
Q

CN X: vagus

A

in charge of phonation (abduction and adduction of VFs)
-in medulla and in charge of somatic and motor movements

49
Q

CN XI: accessory

A

in charge of neck and shoulder movement

50
Q

CN XII: hypoglossal

A

muscles of tongue and in charge of articulation

51
Q

visceral system

A

maintaining a balanced internal environment (homeostasis) through the regulation of visceral glands and organs
-includes hypothalamus and part of limbic system, brainstem, reticular formation, and posterior of CN in posterior fossa

52
Q

The CSF ventricular system

A

cushioning the CNS against physical trauma and to help maintain a stable environment for neural activity

53
Q

vascular system

A

providing oxygen and other nutrients to neural structures and removing metabolic wastes from them

54
Q

The consciousness system

A

maintaining wakefulness, consciousness, awareness of the environment and on a higher level, selective and sustained attention

55
Q

The sensory system

A

Providing sensory information to brain (peripheral receptor of all organs of afferent fibers)

56
Q

The motor system

A

maintaining normal muscle tone and posture, and to the planning, control, and execution of voluntary movement, including speech (efferent pathways carrying information away from cortex)

57
Q

what happens if there is blockage or narrowing in the ventricles

A

increase of CSF pressure

58
Q

chorid plexus

A

in charge of generating CSF

59
Q

third ventricle

A

narrows into aqueduct of sylvius which is passage to 4th ventricle at level of cerebellum and brainstem

60
Q

what does the 4th ventricle do

A

connects the ventricular system to the subarachnoid space

61
Q

foramen of luschka and magendie

A

secretions will exit here and enter subarachnoid space
-CSF circulates subarachnoid space and is absorbed in arachnoid villi in brain or leptomeninges of spinal cord

62
Q

what can cause dysarthria in the vascular system

A

disturbances in left or right carotid artery, middle, or anterior arteries

63
Q

left middle cerebral artery

A

cause of proxy of speech

64
Q

how does blood enter the brain

A

carotid and basilar system
-vertebral artery turns into basilar artery and supplies pons, medulla, cerebellum and cervical spinal

65
Q

anterior communicating artery

A

connects anterior cerebral arterties

66
Q

anterior cerebral arteries

A

parietal and frontal bones and supply mediall surface of cerebral hemispheres

67
Q

internal carotid system

A

80% of brain’s blood supply (anterior circulation)

68
Q

vertebral basilar system

A

from subclavian artery (20% and posterior circulation)

69
Q

neurons

A

most important cellular element of nervous system and carry electrochemical activities and are in charge of nervous system function

70
Q

3 components of neurons

A

dendrites, axons, body

71
Q

body

A

provide metabolism for neuron function

72
Q

dendrites

A

receive information

73
Q

axon

A

carry information from cell body and communicates with cell body or dendrites

74
Q

where is most communication between neurons

A

in synapse and neurotransmitter receptors are in the synaptic cleft

75
Q

excitatory neurotransmitters

A

glutamate (CNS)
acetylcholine (PNS)- involved in skeletal muscle function

76
Q

inhibitory neurotransmitters

A

GABA-in a mature CNS and important in motor control activities of the basal ganglia and cerebellum

77
Q

modulatory neurotransmitters

A

dopamine-BG (related to movement and aids in initiation and control of skilled motor acts and seen in hypo kinetic dysarthria)
Ach- modulates for learning and speech motor control in CNS

78
Q

CN’s contributing to normal speech production

A

V (trigeminal)
VII (facial)
X (vagus)
XII (hypoglossal)
IX (glossopharyngeal)

Motor Speech (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions