WEEK 2 Flashcards
what are the 3 needs for research ethics
1- physical harm
2- psychological harm
3- social harm
describe physical harm (x4) and give an example of a case
- nazi experiments
- high risk of injury
- high threat to life
- individuals usually were forced to participate
- ethical guidelines were not followed.
example:
Tuskegee syphilis ( 1932- 1972)
- coercion of three beneficial health checks that individuals usually wouldn’t be able to afford
- denied access to treatment of penicillin because this would dent the researchers ability to study the diseases natural cause
psychological harm: describe the milligram obedience study
def= designed to understand human obedience to authority
what did participants do= participants randomly selected
- participant required to ask learner questions and if learner answered incorrectly then the learner had an electric shock.
- this gave the participants PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS
what is social harm and give an eg
research that was presented was not for the benefit of the population studied
eg research was “ done” to indigenous populations and they did this to not benefit their pop
what are the three ethics protecting against harm in research
ethics codes
ethics bodies
ethical approval process
describe ethic code and bodies
international guidelines
eg right to inform consent
describe the national health and medical research council statement on ethical conduct and state the 4 main elements
- information related to particular aspects of your research design can be very helpful in understanding specific expectations
1) research and merit integrity
2) justice
3) beneficence
4) respect
describe the code of ethics for aboriginal and Torres Strait islander research
1) indigenous self determination
2) indigenous leadership
3) impact and value
4) sustainability and accountability
what are the 3 processes for ethics approval of research
1- document all aspects of research plan such as proposal
2- all this info will be sent to a local committee
3- can then undertake the research project and provide updates on the completion
what are the 5 designs to minimise the risk of harm
1- informed consent
2- therapeutic
3- minimising risk
4- privacy and confidentiality
6- discolour of findings
what does code of conduct mean
used to outline a broad set of standards by which an industry body member is expected to act in their role properly
what us scope of practice and give an eg
outlines what is reasonable to know as a professional
eg accredited exercise scientist
what are the 6 key legal considerations in exercise science
1- duty of care
2- negligence
3- privacy
4- falsification
5- authorship
6- plagiarism
what does duty of care mean
a requirement that a person acts toward others with the watchfulness, attention, caution and prudence that a reasonable person in the circumstances would use
what does negligence mean
failure of duty of care
requires following conditions to be met:
- owed a duty of care
- duty of care has been breached
- as a result of breach suffered damage
