week 2

Question 1

medication: Lasix

Answer 1

removes fluids

Question 2

COPD patho

Answer 2

*irreversible damage - bronchitis & emphysema

alveoli get stuck affecting gas & O2 exchange

Question 3

emphysema risk factors

Answer 3

cigarrette smoking
old age
pollutant & chemical exposure
alpha-antitrypsin deficiency

Question 4

chronic bronchitis risk factors

Answer 4

cigarette smoking
pollutants

Question 5

COPD teachings

Answer 5

1. limit low nutrient liquids

Question 6

Emphysema manifestations

Answer 6

PINK PUFFER
*pursed-lip breathing
*barrel chest
clubbed fingernails
HYPERresonance
wheezing
decreased breath sounds

Question 7

Chronic Bronchitis manifestations

Answer 7

BLUE BLOATER * CONSISTENT
*overweight
productive cough
edema
crackles/wheezes

(ex. cough 3 mo of every winter)

Question 8

short acting beta-2 agonists

Answer 8

*BRONCHODILATORS (acute asthma attacks)

Albuterol
levalbuterol
Salmeterol

Question 9

cholinergic antagonists

Answer 9

*BRONCHODILATORS (dry out all secretions)

Ipratropium

Question 10

Theophylline

Answer 10

Methylxanthine (BRONCHODILATOR)

*excess caffeine = AVOID
“got me feeling crazy”

Question 11

3 types of bronchodilators

Answer 11

1. short-acting beta 2 agonists (albuterol)
2. cholinergic antagonists (Ipratropium)
3. Methylxanthines (Theophyliine)

Question 12

3 types of antiinflammatory agents

Answer 12

1. Glucocorticoids (Beclomethasone & Prednisone)
2. Leukotriene antagonists (Montelukast)
3. Monoclonal antibodies (Omalizumab)

Question 13

Cromolyn & nursing actions

Answer 13

*mast cell stabilizer: anti-inflammatory
acetylcysteine

1. Monitor for aspiration & bronchospasm
2. Monitor liver (AST, ALT, & liver enzymes)
3. change positions slowly

Question 14

COPD nursing care

Answer 14

1. assess respiratory & cardiac
2. admin O2 as prescribes
3. high-fowlers– upright & forward

frequent rest
high calorie diet
encourage 2-3 L fluid
monitor skin breakdown nose & ears

Question 15

indications of a respiratory infection

Answer 15

INCREASED
wbc
c-reactive protein (>10 = inflammation)

*temp changes
decreased pulse ox

Question 16

clinical manifestations of asthma

Answer 16

dyspnea
wheezing
coughing
prolonged exhalation
cyanosis

Question 17

client teaching for albuterol

Answer 17

1. inhale deeply & hold 10 seconds
2. exhale normal
   remains in lungs for 10 minutes

Question 18

manifestations of status asthmaticus

Answer 18

***ABC’S
extreme wheezing
distended neck veins
labored breathing - accessory muscles

Question 19

nursing care for status asthmaticus

Answer 19

1. high fowler’s
2. emotional support
3. airway
   4.epinephrine
4. system corticosteroid
5. bronchodilator

Question 20

clinical manifestations of pnuemonia

Answer 20

crackles
productive cough
dyspnea w pleuritic pain
chills/fever/diaphoresis

Question 21

Rifampin nursing considerations

Answer 21

red/orange secretions
report joint pain or swelling
monitor liver

Question 22

clinical manifestations of Tuberculosis

Answer 22

persistent cough (>3wks)
purulent sputum
dyspnea
low grade fever
night sweats
hemoptysis

Question 23

Ethambutol considerations

Answer 23

*Tuberculosis
monitor for visual acuity –ocular toxicity
*red & green colors

Question 24

5 medications for TB

Answer 24

1. Pyrazinamide
2. Ethambutol
3. Streptomycin sulfate
4. Isoniazid
5. Rifampin

*6-12 mo

Question 25

nursing considerations for Isoniazid

Answer 25

take on empty stomach
monitor for hepatotoxicity
*AVOID TYRAMINE
*tuberculosis

Question 26

nursing considerations for Streptomycin sulfate

Answer 26

*multi-resistant TB
report ototoxicity
monitor kidneys

Question 27

albuterol use and monitor for

Answer 27

used for acute asthma

monitor for TACHYCARDIA
TREMORS