Week 2 Flashcards
How many hydroxyl groups do carbohydrates have?
Carbs have 2 hydroxyl groups
What type of external protection do carbohydrates produce for cells?
Cellulose
What is the building block of nucleic acids?
Ribose/Deoxyribose
Class of …, can they be hydrolysed into a simpler sugar?
What are monosaccharides?
A class of sugars that cannot be hydrolysed into a simpler sugar
Tri, Pent, Hex
Give an example of a monosaccharide?
Trioses, Pentoses, Hexoses
Become…
What happens when 2-10 monosaccharides link covalently?
They become oligosaccharides
Glyco…
What are linkages called?
Glycosidic
Suc/ Lac
Give an example of a disaccharide
Sucrose/Lactose
Less than 10 …
How is a polysaccharide formed?
With less than 10 monosaccharides
Glu…
What is cellulose a polymer of?
Glucose
Pl…
Where are polysaccharides found?
Found in plants
S…
What does a mixture of amylose and amylopectin make?
Starch
What is the major source of carbohydrate store in the body?
Glycogen
how many residues?Simple = 2
What are the simple carbs in nutrition?
Monosaccharides and oligosaccharides that have residues of 2
Poly & Oli, Residues of…
What are the complex carbs in nutrition?
Polysaccharides and oligosaccharides that have residues of 3-10
Low WS
What is a common feature of lipids?
Low water solubility
What do organic acids contain?
12-16 carbon atoms
Long CC with H atoms all around and a CXYL group at the end
What do fatty acids consist of?
A long carbon chain with hydrogen atoms all around and a carboxyl group at the end
C atoms - SB
What are saturated fatty acids?
When all carbon atoms are linked by single bonds
Presence of DB
What are unsaturated fatty acids?
When there is a presence of double bonds
The most a… lip… category constitutes to (95?%…)
What are triacylglycerols and triglycerides?
The most abundant lipid category which constitutes to 95% dietary fat
Reg numerous, BF
What do vitamins and minerals do?
Regulators of numerous body functions
Maintains WC in various BC
What does sodium do?
Maintains water content in various body components
… in nerves and muscles
What is sodium essential for?
Electrical transmission in nerves and muscles
