Week 1 Flashcards
What is the smallest unit of an element?
An atom
What electrical charge do protons have?
Positive
What electrical charge do neutrons have?
No electrical charge (neutral)
How many elements are abundant in living organisms?
Around 25
What are the 6 main elements in living organisms?
H, C, N, O, P, S
What unit is atomic mass measured in?
Daltons (Da)a
How is a bond formed?
When atoms share electrons
2 atoms that share = CB
What is it called when 2 atoms share electrons?
Covalent bond
If each atom contributes one electron then what bond is formed?
Single bond
If each atom contributes two electrons then what bond is formed?
Double bond
How are molecules formed?
When atoms are joined by covalent bonds
What is a compound?
If molecules of a substance exist of atoms belonging to two elements
What is the difference between organic and inorganic compounds
Organic compounds contain carbon
What electrical charge does a molecule have?
Neutral
What makes a compound carry an electrical charge?
Compounds take the form of ions
What is an anion?
A negatively charged ion
What is a cation
A positively charged ion
What is a radical? (unpaired)
When a molecule or ion has an unpaired electron
What happens when substances are mixed? (chem ent)
They interact to form new chemical entities as part of chemical reactions
Describes PC with no relation to EC
Whys is pH a major determinant of chemical reactions?
pH describes the proton concentration in a solution with no relation to electrical charge
