Week 2

Question 1

Types of words by structure

Answer 1

1. simple (opaque in structure)
2. descriptive (recognizable structure)

Question 2

Types of words by motivation

Answer 2

1. phonetic (swish, sizzle)
2. morphological (armchair, thinker, retell)
3. semantic

Question 3

Variable vs. invariable words

Answer 3

1. variable (inflected) – change their form
2. invariable (uninflected) – do not change their form

Question 4

Lexical x grammatical word

Answer 4

lexical w.: semantically full
grammatical w.: synsemantic

Question 5

Orthographic x phonological word

Answer 5

1. ort.: in writing
2. phon.: in speech

Question 6

Open class x closed class words

Answer 6

open cl.: unlimited membership; nouns, adjectives, lexical verbs

closed cl.: fixed number of members; articles, pronouns, auxiliaries

Question 7

Word classes – morphemic structure

Answer 7

with distinct m.s.: N, V, Adv.
w/o distinct m.s.: conversion

Question 8

What are word classes distinguished by?

Answer 8

1. voicing of final consonants
2. change of stem consonant or vowel
3. stress shift
4. many Ws functioning as different W.C. don’t have stress shift